Nutr Res Pract.  2016 Oct;10(5):477-486. 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.5.477.

Korean pine nut oil replacement decreases intestinal lipid uptake while improves hepatic lipid metabolism in mice

• Zhu S
• Park S
• Lim Y
• Shin S
• Han SN

• KMID: 2434081
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2016.10.5.477

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Consumption of pine nut oil (PNO) was shown to reduce weight gain and attenuate hepatic steatosis in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of PNO on both intestinal and hepatic lipid metabolism in mice fed control or HFD.
MATERIALS/METHODS
Five-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed control diets containing 10% energy fat from either Soybean Oil (SBO) or PNO, or HFD containing 15% energy fat from lard and 30% energy fat from SBO or PNO for 12 weeks. Expression of genes related to intestinal fatty acid (FA) uptake and channeling (Cd36, Fatp4, Acsl5, Acbp), intestinal chylomicron synthesis (Mtp, ApoB48, ApoA4), hepatic lipid uptake and channeling (Lrp1, Fatp5, Acsl1, Acbp), hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) lipolysis and FA oxidation (Atgl, Cpt1a, Acadl, Ehhadh, Acaa1), as well as very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly (ApoB100) were determined by real-time PCR.
RESULTS
In intestine, significantly lower Cd36 mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and a tendency of lower ApoA4 mRNA levels (P = 0.07) was observed in PNO-fed mice, indicating that PNO consumption may decrease intestinal FA uptake and chylomicron assembly. PNO consumption tended to result in higher hepatic mRNA levels of Atgl (P = 0.08) and Cpt1a (P = 0.05). Significantly higher hepatic mRNA levels of Acadl and ApoB100 were detected in mice fed PNO diet (P < 0.05). These results suggest that PNO could increase hepatic TAG metabolism; mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and VLDL assembly.
CONCLUSIONS
PNO replacement in the diet might function in prevention of excessive lipid uptake by intestine and improve hepatic lipid metabolism in both control diet and HFD fed mice.

Keyword

Pine nut oil; high-fat diet; intestine; liver; lipid metabolism

MeSH Terms

Animals
Apolipoprotein B-48
Diet
Diet, High-Fat
Intestines
Lipid Metabolism*
Lipolysis
Lipoproteins
Liver
Metabolism
Mice*
Nuts*
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger
Soybean Oil
Triglycerides
Weight Gain
Apolipoprotein B-48
Lipoproteins
RNA, Messenger
Soybean Oil
Triglycerides

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 The mRNA levels of genes related to intestinal fatty acid uptake and channeling. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant effects of fat amount and oil type and was followed by a LSD post-hoc test. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05. *A significant overall effect of fat amount was observed in a two-way ANOVA, but no significant differences were observed among individual group comparisons in the post hoc test.

• 

  Fig. 2 The mRNA levels of genes related to intestinal chylomicron assembly and secretion. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant effects of fat amount and oil type and was followed by a LSD post-hoc test. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05.

• 

  Fig. 3 The mRNA levels of genes related to hepatic lipid uptake and channeling. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant effects of fat amount and oil type and was followed by a LSD post-hoc test. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05. *A significant overall effect of oil type was observed in a two-way ANOVA, but no significant differences among individual group comparisons were observed in the post hoc test.

• 

  Fig. 4 The mRNA levels of genes related to hepatic TAG lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant effects of fat amount and oil type and was followed by a LSD post-hoc test. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05.

• 

  Fig. 5 The mRNA levels of genes related to hepatic TAG synthesis and VLDL assembly. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 for each group. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant effects of fat amount and oil type and was followed by a LSD post-hoc test. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05. *A significant overall effect of oil type was observed in a two-way ANOVA, but no significant differences were observed among individual group comparisons in the post hoc test.

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