Nat Prod Sci.  2018 Sep;24(3):181-188. 10.20307/nps.2018.24.3.181.

Analysis of Essential oil, Quantification of Six Glycosides, and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Activity in Caryopteris incana

• Nugroho A
• Lee SK
• Kim D
• Choi JS
• Park KS
• Song BM
• Park HJ

• KMID: 2422010
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2018.24.3.181

Abstract

Caryopteris incana (Verbenaceae) has been used to treat cough, arthritis, and eczema in Oriental medicine. The two fractions (CHCl₃- and BuOH fractions) and the essential oil of the plant material were subjected to the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) assay. The ICâ‚…â‚€ of the CHCl₃ fraction and the essential oil on LPS-induced macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were 16.4 µg/mL and 23.08 µg/mL, respectively. On gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectroscopy (MS) analysis, twenty-five components representing 85.5% amount of total essential oil were identified. On the chromatogram, three main substances, trans-pinocarveol, cis-citral, and pinocarvone, occupied 18.8%, 13.5% and 18.37% of total peak area. Furthermore, by HPLC-UV analysis, six compounds including one iridoid (8-O-acetylharpagide)- and five phenylethanoid glycosides (caryopteroside, acteoside, phlinoside A, 6-O-caffeoylphlinoside, and leucosceptoside A) isolated from the BuOH fraction were quantified. The content of six compounds were shown as the following order: caryopteroside (162.35 mg/g) > 8-O-acetylharpagide (93.28 mg/g) > 6-O-caffeoylphlinoside (28.15mg/g) > phlinoside (22.60mg/g) > leucosceptoside A (16.87 mg) > acteoside (7.05 mg/g).

Keyword

Caryopteris incana; glycoside; HPLC; inducible nitric oxide synthase; Verbenaceae

MeSH Terms

Arthritis
Chromatography, Gas
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Cough
Eczema
Glycosides*
Macrophages
Medicine, East Asian Traditional
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Nitric Oxide Synthase*
Nitric Oxide*
Plants
RAW 264.7 Cells
Spectrum Analysis
Verbenaceae
Glycosides
Nitric Oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 GC chromatogram of the essential oil of C.incana.

• 

  Fig. 2 Structure of three main monoterpenoids 4, 5, and 7 identified from the essential oil of C. incana.

• 

  Fig. 3 Structure of compounds 26 – 31 isolated from the BuOH fraction.

• 

  Fig. 4 HPLC chromatograms of MeOH extract of C. incana and its BuOH fraction, CHCl3 fraction, and four fractions chromatographed from the BuOH fracti.

Reference

1. Moncada S, Palmer RMJ, Higgs EA. Pharmacol Rev. 1991; 43:109–142.

2. Baydoun AR, Foale RD, Mann GE. Br J Pharmacol. 1993; 109:987–991.

3. Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. Physiol Rev. 2007; 87:315–424.

4. Park S, Son MJ, Yook CS, Jin CB, Lee YS, Kim HJ. Phytochemistry. 2014; 101:83–89.

5. Zhao DP, Matsunami K, Otsuka H. J Nat Med. 2009; 63:241–247.

6. Yoshikawa K, Harada A, Iseki K, Hashimoto T. J Nat Med. 2014; 68:231–235.

7. Gao JJ, Igalshi K, Nukina M. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1999; 63:983–988.

8. Choi J, Shin KM, Park HJ, Jung HJ, Kim HJ, Lee YS, Rew JH, Lee KT. Planta Med. 2004; 70:1027–1032.

9. Cui Q, Pan Y, Xu X, Zhang W, Wu X, Qu S, Liu X. Fitoterapia. 2016; 109:67–74.

10. Froelich S, Gupta MP, Siems K, Jenett-Siems K. Braz J Pharmacogn. 2008; 18:517–520.

11. Schlauer J, Budzianowski J, Kukulczanka K, Ratajczak L. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2004; 73:9–15.