J Vet Sci.  2017 Jun;18(2):245-251. 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.2.245.

Efficacy of horse chestnut leaf extract ALH-L1005 as a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor in ligature-induced periodontitis in canine model

• Kim SE
• Kim TH
• Park SA
• Kim WT
• Park YW
• Ahn JS
• Jeong M
• Kim MY
• Seo K

• KMID: 2412578
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2017.18.2.245

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the main proteinases associated with periodontal tissue destruction and remodeling. Therefore, inhibition of host-derived MMPs has a key role in the prevention and reduction of periodontitis progression. Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) extracts have been used as treatments for inflammatory disease, traditionally. This study assessed the clinical effect as a MMP inhibitor of horse chestnut leaf extract ALH-L1005 on periodontitis. ALH-L1005 was obtained from horse chestnut leaf and its MMP inhibitory activities estimated. Periodontitis was induced in beagles assigned to 4 groups and medicated for 6 weeks: low dose test (LT; ALH-L1005, 100 mg/kg/day), high dose test (HT; ALH-L1005, 200 mg/kg/day), positive control (PC; doxycycline, 10 mg/kg/day), or negative control (NC; placebo). Before and after administration, clinical indices of the teeth and MMP quantity in gingival tissues using zymography were measured. Clinical conditions of the LT, HT, and PC groups were significantly improved after 6 weeks. In zymographic evaluations, gelatinolytic and caseinolytic activities were suppressed in LT, HT, and PC groups but not in the NC group. The results suggest that ALH-L1005 could be an effective agent for clinical prevention and treatment of periodontitis by inhibiting the gelatinase and collagenase activities, which can detach periodontal ligaments from alveolar bone.

Keyword

dog; doxycycline; horse chestnut leaf extract; matrix metalloproteinase; periodontal disease

MeSH Terms

*Aesculus/chemistry
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Dog Diseases/*drug therapy
Dogs
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Gingiva/metabolism/surgery
Ligation/adverse effects/veterinary
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use
Periodontitis/drug therapy/*veterinary
Plant Extracts/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use
*Plant Leaves/chemistry
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
Plant Extracts

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Means of clinical parameters at Week 0 and Week 6 of treatment. (A) Plaque index. (B) Gingival index. (C) Periodontal pocket depth. (D) Clinical attachment loss. (E) Bleeding on pressure scores. *Significant improvement compared to the NC group at same week (p < 0.05).

• 

  Fig. 2 Zymograms in extracts of sampled tissues after 6 weeks of medication. (A) Gelatinolytic activity in each group. The low dose test group (LT), high dose test group (HT), and positive control (PC) groups showed gelatinolytic inhibitory effects at 82 and 92 kDa molecular weights compared to that in the negative control (NC) group. (B) Caseinolytic activity in each group. The LT, HT, and PC groups showed caseinolytic inhibitory effects at 48 kDa molecular weight compared to that in the NC group.

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