Influencing Factors and Consequences of Workplace Bullying among Nurses: A Structural Equation Modeling

Yun, Seonyoung; Kang, Jiyeon

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to build and test a model outlining the factors related to workplace bullying among nurses. The hypothesized model included authentic leadership and a relationship-oriented organizational culture as influencing factors, symptom experience and turnover intention as consequences, and positive psychological capital as a mediator of workplace bullying among nurses.
METHODS
We obtained structured questionnaire data from 301 nurses working at hospitals in South Korea. Based on these data, the developed model was verified via a structural equation modeling analysis using SPSS and AMOS program.
RESULTS
The fit indices of the hypothesized model satisfied recommended levels; Ï‡2 = 397.58 (p < .001), normed Ï‡2 (Ï‡2/df) = 1.82, RMR = .05, TLI = .93, CFI = .94, RMSEA = .05. A relationship-oriented organizational culture had a direct effect on workplace bullying (Î² = âˆ’.48, p < .001). Furthermore, workplace bullying had a direct effect on symptom experience (Î² = .36, p < .001), and this relationship was mediated by positive psychological capital (Î² = .15, p = .003). Workplace bullying also had an indirect effect on turnover intention (Î² = .20, p = .007). Finally, symptom experience had a direct effect on turnover intention (Î² = .31, p = .002).
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that workplace bullying among nurses may be prevented by constructing a relationship-oriented organizational culture, as long as employees have sufficient positive psychological capital. In this regard, workplace bullying among nurses should be addressed using a comprehensive strategy that considers both individual and organizational factors.