Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2017 Apr;24(1):31-36. 10.14776/piv.2017.24.1.31.

The Efficacy of Rapid Antigen Tests for Detection of Seasonal Influenza Virus

• Lee JY
• Lee S
• Kim HS
• Kim KN

• KMID: 2390879
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2017.24.1.31

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to examine the accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDT) in children with an influenza-like illness and to evaluate factors associated with greater accuracy.
METHODS
Pediatric patients, who visited Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital with an influenza-like illness between June 2011 and May 2016, were enrolled in this study. We tested 798 samples using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for respiratory viruses and compared the results with rapid influenza tests.
RESULTS
In comparison with the results of the multiplex PCR, the positive agreement rates of RIDT for influenza A and B virus were 75.7% and 60.0%, respectively. The performance of RIDT varied according to days after fever onset. The positive agreement rates of RIDT for influenza A and B tests, performed within 4 days of fever onset, were 77.6% and 73.2%, but the rates for tests performed more than 5 days after fever onset were 66.7% and 21.4%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The RIDT is a quick and simple aid to diagnosis, but is less sensitive than the labeled sensitivity. Moreover, test performance varied according to days after fever onset. Test specimens for RIDT should be collected as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms (less than 4 days).

Keyword

Influenza, human; Immunochromatography; Polymerase chain reaction

MeSH Terms

Child
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Fever
Heart
Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine
Humans
Immunochromatography
Influenza, Human*
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Orthomyxoviridae*
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Seasons*

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 (A-E) Monthly distribution of children with influenza A & B infection detected by rapid influenza detection tests from June 2011 to May 2016 (sample total=1,774).

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