Environ Health Toxicol.  2013 ;28(1):e2013016.

Development of an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Vitellin for Vitellogenin Measurement in the Pale Chub, Zacco platypus

• Lim ES
• Lee EH
• Kim MH
• Han CH
• Lee SK
• Kim J

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Fish vitellogenin (VTG) is produced in the female liver during oogenesis through the estradiol cycle and produced in the male liver by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as alkylphenols. In this study, we propose that the VTG concentration in the pale chub could be detected using monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies against vitellin (Vn) in a VTG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system.
METHODS
Monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies were produced using the Vn extracted from the matured ovum of the ovary. The VTG was extracted from the plasma of the male pale chub. The Vn and VTG were confirmed by measuring the molecular weight of their proteins using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the specificity of the antibodies was checked through western blotting methods. The assay system was validated with respect to optimal assay concentrations, specificity, recovery, and intra- and inter-assay variations.
RESULTS
The Vn consisted of two protein bands with apparent molecular weights of 64 and 37 kDa. The SDS-PAGE indicated protein weights of 146 and 77 kDa in the VTG. The assay range was 15.6 ng/mL to 2,000 ng/mL, and the value of the intra- and inter-assay variations were within 10.0% and 14.7%, respectively. The recovery rate was 99.5+/-5.5%.
CONCLUSIONS
A sandwich ELISA was developed that could be used to qualify the VTG of pale chub in screening for EDCs. Pale chub is an ideal species for observing estrogen activity in the environment because of its extensive habitat and extensive food chain. The ELISA developed here would be more favorable than those for other species for determining the effect of long-term food chain accumulation of EDCs in aquatic environments.

Keyword

Antibody; Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system; Pale chub; Vitellin; Vitellogenin

MeSH Terms

Antibodies
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Blotting, Western
Cyprinidae*
Ecosystem
Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Endocrine Disruptors
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay*
Estradiol
Estrogens
Female
Food Chain
Humans
Liver
Male
Mass Screening
Methods
Molecular Weight
Oogenesis
Ovary
Ovum
Plasma
Platypus*
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sodium
Vitellins*
Vitellogenins*
Weights and Measures
Antibodies
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Endocrine Disruptors
Estradiol
Estrogens
Sodium
Vitellins
Vitellogenins