Tissue Eng Regen Med.  2016 Oct;13(5):465-474. 10.1007/s13770-016-9080-7.

Microengineered Platforms for Co-Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells towards Vascularized Bone Tissue Engineering

• Park H
• Lim DJ
• Sung M
• Lee SH
• Na D
• Park H

• KMID: 2360795
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-016-9080-7

Abstract

Bone defects are common disease requiring thorough treatments since the bone is a complex vascularized tissue that is composed of multiple cell types embedded within an intricate extracellular matrix (ECM). For past decades, tissue engineering using cells, proteins, and scaffolds has been suggested as one of the promising approaches for effective bone regeneration. Recently, many researchers have been interested in designing effective platform for tissue regeneration by orchestrating factors involved in microenvironment around tissues. Among factors affecting bone formation, vascularization during bone development and after minor insults via endochondral and intramembranous ossification is especially critical for the long-term support for functional bone. In order to create vascularized bone constructs, the interactions between human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) have been investigated using both direct and indirect co-culture studies. Recently, various culture methods including micropatterning techniques, three dimensional scaffolds, and microfluidics have been developed to create micro-engineered platforms that mimic the nature of vascularized bone formation, leading to the creation of functional bone structures. This review focuses on MSCs co-cultured with endothelial cells and micro-engineered platforms to determine the underlying interplay between co-cultured MSCs and vascularized bone constructs, which is ultimately necessary for adequate regeneration of bone defects.

Keyword

Bone tissue engineering; Co-culture; Stem cell; Vascularization

MeSH Terms

Bone and Bones*
Bone Development
Bone Regeneration
Coculture Techniques
Endothelial Cells
Extracellular Matrix
Humans
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
Microfluidics
Osteogenesis
Regeneration
Stem Cells
Tissue Engineering