J Nutr Health.  2016 Oct;49(5):277-287. 10.4163/jnh.2016.49.5.277.

Protective effect of Korean diet food groups on lymphocyte DNA damage and contribution of each food group to total dietary antioxidant capacity (TDAC)

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food & Nutrition, Daedeok Valley Campus, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea. mhkang@hnu.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was performed to compare total phenolic contents, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and reduction effect of Korean food groups on ex vivo DNA damage in human cells and analyze correlations between each indicator.
METHODS
Vegetable foods in the Korean diet based the results of the KNHANES V-2 (2011) were classified into 10 food groups: cereals, fruits, vegetables, nuts, kimchi, seaweeds, potatoes, mushrooms, legumes, and oils. Eighty-four foods constituted more than 1% of the total intake in each food group and finally designated as vegetable foods in the Korean diet. Total phenolic content of each food group was measured. Further, in vitro antioxidant capacity was measured based on DPPH radical scavenging assay, TEAC assay, and ORAC(ROO)"¢ assay. Ex vivo DNA damage in human lymphocytes was assessed using comet assay.
RESULTS
Total phenolic contents of food groups of the Korean diet increased in the order of mushrooms, fruits, vegetables, seaweeds, and kimchi. Meanwhile, antioxidant rankings of food groups as mean values from the three in vitro test methods increased in the order of mushrooms, seaweeds, vegetables, kimchi, and fruits. Protection against ex vivo DNA damage in human lymphocytes was highest in mushrooms, followed by vegetables, fruits, seaweeds, and kimchi. The rankings of the food groups for total phenolic content, in vitro DAC, and ex vivo DNA protection activity were similar, and correlations between each indicator were significantly high.
CONCLUSION
Mushrooms, fruits, vegetables, and seaweeds among the tested food groups in the Korean diet showed high total phenolic contents, in vitro antioxidant capacities, and protection against DNA damage. Correlations between each indicator in terms of total phenolic content, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and ex vivo DNA protection between each food group were found to be particularly high.

Keyword

total dietary antioxidant capacity; Korean diet; DPPH; total phenolics; DNA damag

MeSH Terms

Agaricales
Comet Assay
Diet*
DNA Damage*
DNA*
Edible Grain
Fabaceae
Fruit
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Lymphocytes*
Nuts
Oils
Phenol
Solanum tuberosum
Vegetables
DNA
Oils
Phenol

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of plant foods based on the dry mater of the edible part in the Korean diet. Different letters are significantly different among groups by Duncan’s multiple range test. Total: mixture of 10 Korean plant food groups

  • Fig. 2 Comparison of in vitro antioxidant activity of plant foods in Korean diet. Total: mixture of 10 Korean plant food groups

  • Fig. 3 Contribution of total antioxidant capacities (mean of DPPH, ORAC and TEAC) from all plant foods as a percentage of total dietary antioxidant capacities (TDAC) from per capita daily intake in the Korean diet (KNHANES V-2, 2011). The TDAC values were obtained by multiplying the total antioxidant capacity of each food group and the intake of each food.

  • Fig. 4 Relative score of lymphocyte DNA damage by Comet assay expressed as tail moment (TM) of different food groups in Korean diet. Different letters are significantly different among groups by Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05). P: positive control (H2O2) Total: mixture of 10 Korean plant food groups


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