J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2015 Dec;45(6):223-228. 10.5051/jpis.2015.45.6.223.

Antimicrobial susceptibility and pathogenic genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the oral cavity of patients with periodontitis

• Kim GY
• Lee CH

• KMID: 2354940
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2015.45.6.223

Abstract

PURPOSE
The goal of this study was to characterize the patterns of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in samples of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from periodontitis patients.
METHODS
From July 2015 to August 2015, oral saliva was collected from a total of 112 patients diagnosed with periodontitis, including 80 outpatients in dental hospitals and 32 patients in dental clinics located in Seoul and Cheonan. The samples were subjected to a susceptibility test to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and the pathogenic factors and antimicrobial resistance factors in the DNA of S. aureus were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
A susceptibility test against 15 antimicrobial agents showed that 88% of cultures were resistant to ampicillin, 88% to penicillin, and 2% to oxacillin. Resistance to at least two drugs was observed in 90% of cultures, and the most common pattern of multidrug resistance was to ampicillin and penicillin. Enterotoxins were detected in 65.9% of samples. The cell hemolysin gene hld was detected in 100% of cultures and hla was detected in 97.6% of samples. All strains resistant to penicillin and ampicillin had the blaZ gene. The aph(3')IIIa gene, which encodes an aminoglycoside modifying enzyme, was detected in 46.3% of samples.
CONCLUSIONS
In the treatment of oral S. aureus infections, it is important to identify the pathogenic genes and the extent of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, it is necessary to study patterns of antimicrobial resistance and cross-infection in the context of periodontological specialties in which antimicrobials are frequently used, such as maxillofacial surgery, where the frequency of antimicrobial use for minor procedures such as implant placement is increasing.

Keyword

Antimicrobial resistant gene; Pathogenic gene; Periodontitis; Staphylococcus aureus

MeSH Terms

Ampicillin
Anti-Infective Agents
Chungcheongnam-do
Dental Clinics
DNA
Drug Resistance, Multiple
Enterotoxins
Humans
Mouth*
Outpatients
Oxacillin
Penicillins
Periodontitis*
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
R Factors
Saliva
Seoul
Staphylococcus aureus*
Staphylococcus*
Surgery, Oral
Virulence
Ampicillin
Anti-Infective Agents
DNA
Enterotoxins
Oxacillin
Penicillins

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