Diabetes Metab J.  2016 Oct;40(5):367-375. 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.5.367.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Is Independently Inversely Associated with Insulin Resistance in the Healthy, Non-Obese Korean Population

• Ock SY
• Ha KH
• Kim BK
• Kim HC
• Shim JS
• Lee MH
• Yoon YM
• Kim DJ

• KMID: 2354610
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.5.367

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We evaluated the associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in serum and insulin resistance in the healthy Korean population.
METHODS
We conducted this cross-sectional analysis in 1,807 healthy Korean people (628 men and 1,179 women) aged 30 to 64 years in the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiologic Research Center study. All participants were assessed for 25(OH)D, fasting glucose, and insulin levels, and completed a health examination and lifestyle questionnaire according to standard procedures. Insulin resistance was defined as the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance higher than the 75 percentile.
RESULTS
Compared to those in the highest tertile (≥14.3 ng/mL), the odds ratio (OR) for insulin resistance was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.86) for the 1st tertile (<9.7 ng/mL) and 1.19 (95% CI, 0.08 to 1.62) for the 2nd tertile (9.7 to 14.3 ng/mL) after adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical exercise, season, and cohort. After stratification of the subjects by adiposity, these associations remained only in non-obese subjects (lowest tertile vs. highest tertile, multivariable OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.56).
CONCLUSION
Serum 25(OH)D has an independent inverse association with insulin resistance in the healthy, non-obese Korean population, even among people with vitamin D insufficiency.

Keyword

Insulin resistance; Obesity; Vitamin D

MeSH Terms

Adiposity
Alcohol Drinking
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Exercise
Fasting
Glucose
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin Resistance*
Insulin*
Life Style
Male
Metabolic Diseases
Obesity
Odds Ratio
Seasons
Smoke
Smoking
Vitamin D
Waist Circumference
Glucose
Insulin
Smoke
Vitamin D

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Adjusted odds ratio of high insulin resistance (>75 percentile) by tertiles (T) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and adiposity status. (A) General obesity was defined as a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater. (B) Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of 90 cm or greater for men and 85 cm or greater for women. Serum 25(OH)D was categorized into T. T1, first tertile; T2, second tertile; T3, third tertile. Model adjusted for age, gender, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical exercise, season, and cohort. aP<0.05.

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