J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2012 May;53(5):700-706.

Suppression of VEGF and Decrease in Vascular Leakage by Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate in Diabetic Rats

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sungpyo@hanafos.com
  • 2Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 3Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
The authors of the present study investigated whether pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), an active coenzyme of vitamin B6, could inhibit the development of diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
METHODS
Seven-week-old Spraque-Dawley rats (n = 20) were used in the present study. STZ (70 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Blood glucose and body weight were monitored. Intraperitoneal injections of 5 microg and 50 microg PLP were administered every two days from the second week of induced diabetes. During the third week of PLP injections, the concentration level of plasma homocysteine was measured. In addition, functional status was examined by vitreous fluorophotometer and anatomical status by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) staining in the retina.
RESULTS
Based on vitreous fluorophotometry examination, the PLP injection group proved to have a lower level of fluorescein concentration in the vitreous. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining revealed down-regulation of VEGF expression in the PLP group. In addition, the PLP group had a lower plasma homocysteine concentration. However, an over-dosage injection of PLP did not appear to have any noticeable impact on the treatment of diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
PLP, an active coenzyme of vitamin B6, proved to have inhibitory effects on VEGF expression and vascular leakage in the diabetic rat retina.

Keyword

Diabetic retinopathy; Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP); Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); Vitreous fluorophotometry

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Glucose
Body Weight
Diabetic Retinopathy
Down-Regulation
Fluorescein
Fluorophotometry
Homocysteine
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Plasma
Pyridoxal
Rats
Retina
Streptozocin
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Vitamin B 6
Blood Glucose
Fluorescein
Homocysteine
Pyridoxal
Streptozocin
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Vitamin B 6

Figure

  • Figure 1 Normal and high dose pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group shows no significant decrease in the blood glucose level compared to placebo-treated group (p > 0.05, chi-square test). DM = diabetes mellitus; PLP = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

  • Figure 2 Normal and high dose pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group shows poor body weight gain compared to the normal control and showed no difference compared to placebo-treated group(p > 0.05, chi-square test). DM = diabetes mellitus; PLP = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

  • Figure 3 Normal and high dose pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group shows lower blood homocysteine level than that of the placebo-treated group (Mann-Whitney U test). DM = diabetes mellitus; PLP = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

  • Figure 4 Fluorophotometry shows less leakage of the fluorescein from the retinal vessels in normal and high dose pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group than placebo-treated group. However, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group shows more leakage compared to the normal control (Mann-Whitney U test). DM = diabetes mellitus; PLP = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

  • Figure 5 VEGF increased much more in the retina of the control group than in the normal and high dose pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated group. DM = diabetes mellitus; PLP = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.


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