Toxicol Res.  2013 Sep;29(3):181-185.

Aluminum Nanoparticles Induce ERK and p38MAPK Activation in Rat Brain

• Kwon JT
• Seo GB
• Jo E
• Lee M
• Kim HM
• Shim I
• Lee BW
• Yoon BI
• Kim P
• Choi K

Abstract

Aluminum nanoparticles (Al-NPs) are one of the most widely used nanomaterial in cosmetics and medical materials. For this reason, Al-NP exposure is very likely to occur via inhalation in the environment and the workplace. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanism of Al-NP neurotoxicity via inhalation exposure. In this study, we investigated the effect AL-NPs on the brain. Rats were exposed to Al-NPs by nasal instillation at 1 mg/kg body weight (low exposure group), 20 mg/kg body weight (moderate exposure group), and 40 mg/kg body weight (high exposure group), for a total of 3 times, with a 24-hr interval after each exposure. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis indicated that the presence of aluminum was increased in a dose-dependent manner in the olfactory bulb (OFB) and the brain. In microarray analysis, the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activity (GO: 0043405), including Ptprc, P2rx7, Map2k4, Trib3, Trib1, and Fgd4 was significantly over-expressed in the treated mice than in the controls (p = 0.0027). Moreover, Al-NPs induced the activation of ERK1 and p38 MAPK protein expression in the brain, but did not alter the protein expression of JNK, when compared to the control. These data demonstrate that the nasal exposure of Al-NPs can permeate the brain via the olfactory bulb and modulate the gene and protein expression of MAPK and its activity.

Keyword

Aluminum nanoparticles; Mitogen-activated protein kinases; Nasal instillation; Neurotoxicity; Olfactory bulb

MeSH Terms

Aluminum*
Animals
Body Weight
Brain*
Inhalation
Inhalation Exposure
Mass Spectrometry
Mice
Microarray Analysis
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Nanoparticles*
Nanostructures
Olfactory Bulb
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Plasma
Rats*
Aluminum
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases