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Neuroprotective effects of urolithin A on Hâ‚‚Oâ‚‚-induced oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in SK-N-MC cells

Kim KB, Lee S, Kim JH

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress causes cell damage and death, which contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Urolithin A (UA), a gut microbial-derived metabolite of ellagitannins and ellagic acid, has high...
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The Effect of Saccharin on the Gene Expression of NF-κB and Inflammatory Cytokines in LPS-Stimulated SW480 Colon Cancer Cells

Choi H, Kim S, Kang H, Kim M, Kim W

There have been no published studies concerning the anti-inflammatory effects of corn silk on colon cancer cells. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of corn silk extract...
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Inhibition of MicroRNA-15a/16 Expression Alleviates Neuropathic Pain Development through Upregulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2

Li T, Wan Y, Sun L, Tao S, Chen P, Liu C, Wang K, Zhou C, Zhao G

There is accumulating evidence that microRNAs are emerging as pivotal regulators in the development and progression of neuropathic pain. MicroRNA-15a/16 (miR-15a/16) have been reported to play an important role in...
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Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker, Fimasartan, Reduces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence by Inhibiting the CYR61 Signaling Pathway

Kim I, Park CS, Lee HY

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been suggested to accelerate vascular senescence, however the molecular mechanism(s) remain unknown. METHODS: We cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCSMCs) and...
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Poly-L-Lactic Acid Increases Collagen Gene Expression and Synthesis in Cultured Dermal Fibroblast (Hs68) Through the p38 MAPK Pathway

Kim SA, Kim HS, Jung JW, Suh SI, Ryoo YW

No abstract available.
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The Effects of Retinoic Acid and MAPK Inhibitors on Phosphorylation of Smad2/3 Induced by Transforming Growth Factor β1

Lee SH, Shin JH, Shin MH, Kim YS, Chung KS, Song JH, Kim SY, Kim EY, Jung JY, Kang YA, Chang J, Park MS

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), retinoic acid (RA), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and MEK signaling play critical roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the effect...
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Diagnostic Significance of p38 Isoforms (p38α, p38β, p38γ, p38δ) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparative Serum Level Evaluation and Design of Novel Peptide Inhibitor Targeting the Same

Sahu V, Nigam L, Agnihotri , Gupta A, Shekhar S, Subbarao N, Bhaskar S, Dey S

PURPOSE: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) play a crucial role in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and over-expression of it increase cytokines which promote cancer. Among four isoforms, p38α...
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Effect of Resolvin D1 and E1 on Mucin Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Kim HG, Choi TY, Bae CH, Choi YS, Na HG, Song SY, Kim YD

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mucin is an important component of mucus that performs the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and particles, lubrication of organs, and protection of airway. It...
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Propofol promotes osteoclastic bone resorption by increasing DC-STAMP expression

Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Baik SW, Kim KH, Ryu SJ, Kim CH, Shin SW

BACKGROUND: Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic which has antioxidant effects due to its similarity in molecular structure to α-tocopherol. It has been reported that α-tocopherol increases osteoclast fusion and bone...
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Recombinant Human Thioredoxin-1 Protects Macrophages from Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Foam Cell Formation and Cell Apoptosis

Zhang H, Liu Q, Lin JL, Wang Y, Zhang RX, Hou JB, Yu B

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx) is an antioxidant that potently protects various cells from oxidative...
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Arginase II inhibition prevents interleukin-8 production through regulation of p38 MAPK phosphorylation activated by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in nLDL-stimulated hAoSMCs

Koo BH, Yi BG, Jeong MS, Kwon SH, Hoe KL, Kwon YG, Won MH, Kim YM, Ryoo S

Arginase inhibition exhibits beneficial effects in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In human aortic smooth muscle cells (hAoSMCs), native low-density lipoprotein (nLDL) induced the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) that...
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IL-12 and IL-23 Production in Toxoplasma gondii- or LPS-Treated Jurkat T Cells via PI3K and MAPK Signaling Pathways

Ismail HA, Kang BH, Kim JS, Lee JH, Choi IW, Cha GH, Yuk JM, Lee YH

IL-12 and IL-23 are closely related in structure, and have been shown to play crucial roles in regulation of immune responses. However, little is known about the regulation of these...
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Down-Regulation of TGF-β Expression Sensitizes the Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Sorafenib

Kang D, Han Z, Oh GH, Joo Y, Choi HJ, Song JJ

PURPOSE: Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, is the standard therapy for patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, resistance develops to the treatment, therefore, we tried to unravel the underlying mechanism...
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A New Neolignan Derivative, Balanophonin Isolated from Firmiana simplex Delays the Progress of Neuronal Cell Death by Inhibiting Microglial Activation

Lim SY, Subedi L, Shin D, Kim CS, Lee KR, Kim SY

Excessive activation of microglia causes the continuous production of neurotoxic mediators, which further causes neuron degeneration. Therefore, inhibition of microglial activation is a possible target for the treatment of neurodegenerative...
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Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 Induces the Differentiation and Mineralization of Osteoblastic Cells Under Hypoxic Conditions via Activation of Protein Kinase D and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways

Ha WH, Seong HS, Choi NR, Park BS, Kim YD

Hypoxia suppresses osteoblastic differentiation and the bone-forming capacity. As the leading osteoinductive growth factor used clinically in bone-related regenerative medicine, recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP- 2) has yielded promising...
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Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin against hypoxic injury via modulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and apoptosis

Jeong JE, Park JH, Kim CS, Lee SL, Chung HL, Kim WT, Lee EJ

PURPOSE: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Erythropoietin (EPO) is emerging as a therapeutic candidate for neuroprotection. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the...
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Asian Sand Dust Up-Regulates MUC4 Expression in Human Upper Airway Epithelial Cells

Park CH, Song YS, Bae CH, Choi YS, Song SY, Shin KC, Jin HJ, Kim YD

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Asian sand dust (ASD) is a meteorological phenomenon that occurs in spring time in Korea. ASD is composed of various organic and inorganic materials, which induce airway...
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Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in the Development of Normal and Diseased Kidneys

Awazu M

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in various cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. We showed that MAPKs are developmentally regulated in the rat kidney. p38 MAPK (p38)...
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Effect of High Glucose on MUC5B Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Ye SB, Choi YS, Choi YH, Bae CH, Kim YW, Park SY, Song SY, Kim YD

OBJECTIVES: Excessive production of mucus results in plugging of the airway tract, which can increase morbidity and mortality in affected patients. In patients with diabetes, inflammatory airway disease appears with...
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Pretreatment Improves Cognition and Reduces Hippocampal Damage Via p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in a Rat Model

Zhao B, Pan Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Song X

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) pretreatment on cognitive decline and neuronal damage in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into three...
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