Nat Prod Sci.  2015 Sep;21(3):219-225. 10.0000/nps.2015.21.3.219.

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, One of Constituents from Gastrodiae Rhizoma Augments Pentobarbital-induced Sleeping Behaviors and Non-rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep in Rodents

• Choi JJ
• Kim YS
• Kwon YO
• Yoo JH
• Chong MS
• Lee MK
• Hong JT
• Oh KW

• KMID: 2312899
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.0000/nps.2015.21.3.219

Abstract

In the previous experiments, we reported that ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma, the dried tuber of Gastrodia ElataBlume (Orchidaceae) increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors. These experiments were undertaken to know whether 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBD), is one of the major compounds of Gastrodiae Rhizoma increases pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors and changes sleep architectures via activating GABA(A)-ergic systems in rodents. 4-HBD decreased locomotor activity in mice. 4-HBD increased total sleep time, and decreased of sleep onset by pentobarbital (28 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg). 4-HBD showed synergistic effects with muscimol (a GABA(A) receptor agonist), shortening sleep onset and enhancing sleep time on pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors. On the other hand, 4-HBD (200 mg/kg, p.o.) itself significantly inhibited the counts of sleep-wake cycles, and prolonged total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) in rats. Moreover, 4-HBD increased intracellular Cl- levels in the primary cultured cerebellar cells. The protein levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA(A) receptors subunits were over-expressed by 4-HBD. Consequently, these results demonstrate that 4-HBD increased NREM sleep as well as sleeping behaviors via the activation of GABA(A)-ergic systems in rodents.

Keyword

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBD); Pentobarbital; Intracellular chloride; Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD); GABA(A) receptors subunits; Electroencephalogram (EEG)

MeSH Terms

Animals
Ethanol
Eye Movements*
Gastrodia*
Glutamate Decarboxylase
Hand
Mice
Motor Activity
Muscimol
Pentobarbital
Rats
Receptors, GABA-A
Rodentia*
Ethanol
Glutamate Decarboxylase
Muscimol
Pentobarbital
Receptors, GABA-A