Lab Anim Res.  2016 Mar;32(1):8-15. 10.5625/lar.2016.32.1.8.

Cardiopulmonary effects of thiopental versus propofol as an induction agent prior to isoflurane anesthesia in chair trained rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

• Choi YJ
• Park HJ
• Kim HH
• Lee YJ
• Jung KC
• Park SH
• Lee JI

• KMID: 2312149
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2016.32.1.8

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of thiopental versus propofol on cardiopulmonary functions, when used as an induction agent prior to isoflurane anesthesia in rhesus monkeys. Eight healthy rhesus monkeys weighing 3.72 to 5.7 kg, 4-5 years old, were used in the study. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental or propofol intravenous injection, and then maintained with isoflurane in oxygen for 45 minutes. Cardiopulmonary measurements were obtained before and 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after induction. The induction doses of thiopental and propofol were 19.41±0.54 and 9.33±1.02 mg/kg, respectively. In both groups, the values of heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, systolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pH, and lactate were decreased, while the values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of oxygen, total carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, oxygen saturation, and base excess in the extracellular fluid were increased, as compared with baseline. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in thiopental group compare to propofol group. Induction time was very short in both agents but not revealed a significant difference between both groups. However, recovery time was extremely faster in the propofol group. Our results demonstrated that propofol provides a minor suppression in systolic arterial blood pressure than thiopental sodium. In addition, propofol have a fast recovery effect from the anesthesia as well. Furthermore, it is suggested that thiopental sodium could also be used to induce anesthesia instead of propofol, despite slight more suppression of cardiopulmonary function compared to thiopental sodium.

Keyword

Cardiopulmonary; thiopental; propofol; induction; rhesus monkey

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia*
Arterial Pressure
Blood Pressure
Carbon Dioxide
Extracellular Fluid
Heart Rate
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Injections, Intravenous
Isoflurane*
Lactic Acid
Macaca mulatta*
Oxygen
Partial Pressure
Propofol*
Respiratory Rate
Thiopental*
Carbon Dioxide
Isoflurane
Lactic Acid
Oxygen
Propofol
Thiopental

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 The variation of (A) heart rate, (B) respiratory rate, (C) core temperature after induction with thiopental (closed circle) or propofol (open circle) following maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia by 45 minutes. Data are presented as the mean±SD. *P<0.05 in thiopental group and †P<0.05 in propofol for significant different from baseline.

• 

  Figure 2 The variation of (A) systolic, (B) diastolic, and (C) mean blood pressure after induction with thiopental (closed circle) or propofol (open circle) following maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia by 45 minutes. Data are presented as the mean±SD. *P<0.05 in thiopental group and †P<0.05 in propofol group for significant different from baseline.

• 

  Figure 3 The variation of end tidal carbon dioxide (etCO2) after induction with thiopental (closed circle) or propofol (open circle) following maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia by 45 minutes. Data are presented as the mean±SD.

• 

  Figure 4 The variation of (A) pH, (B) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), (C) partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), (D) base excess in the extracellular fluid (Beecf), (E) bicarbonate (HCO3), (F) total carbon dioxide (TCO2), (G) oxygen saturation (sO2) and (H) lactate after induction with thiopental (closed circle) or propofol (open circle) following maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia by 45 minutes. Data are presented as the mean±SD. *P<0.05 in thiopental group and †P<0.05 in propofol group for significant different from baseline.

• 

  Figure 5 The difference of (A) induction, (B) arousal, and (C) standing time after induction with thiopental or propofol following maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia by 45 minutes. P values are significant difference between both groups. All data are expressed as the mean±SD.

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