Korean J Pediatr.  2004 Dec;47(12):1338-1343.

A Case of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia Complicated with Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Encephalitis

• Lee SB
• Jung EH
• Lee YS
• Kwon BS
• Yu J

Abstract

The most common pathogen of respiratory tract infection among school-age children and adolescents is Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which causes clinical manifestations of pneumonia, acute asthmatic attack, pharygitis, and tonsilitis. It can also cause extrapulmonary infections that involves skin, the nervous system, the digestive system, the cardiovascular system, and the hematopoietic system. It is reported that the central nervous system symptoms may occur in 0.1% to 7% of patients hospitalized with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Direct invasion, toxin, immune-mediated, and vascular phenomenon have been proposed for the etiology of the neurological manifestations. We have experienced a six-year-old male patient with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia who had complained of both leg pains and immobility two weeks after the onset of pneumonia, which was confirmed as peripheral neuropathy of Guillain-Barr syndrome. Three weeks after the disease-onset, altered consciousness and seizure attacks developed and intravenous immunoglobulins infused under the impression of encephalitis induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. He showed complete recovery of running and mentality five months after the disease-onset. We herein report a case of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with Guillain-Barr Syndrome and encephalitis about 2 or 3 weeks after the disease onset with a review of literatures.

Keyword

Pneumonia; Mycoplasma; Guillain-Barr syndrome; Encephalitis; Immunoglobulins

MeSH Terms

Adolescent
Cardiovascular System
Central Nervous System
Child
Consciousness
Digestive System
Encephalitis*
Guillain-Barre Syndrome*
Hematopoietic System
Humans
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Leg
Male
Mycoplasma pneumoniae*
Mycoplasma*
Nervous System
Neurologic Manifestations
Palatine Tonsil
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Pneumonia*
Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*
Respiratory Tract Infections
Running
Seizures
Skin
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous