Korean J Nutr.  2006 Sep;39(6):539-548.

Exposure Assessment of Vitamins and Minerals from Various Sources of Koreans

• Kim SH
• Lee SH
• Hwang YJ
• Kim WY

Abstract

In recent years a concern of excessive intakes of vitamins and minerals from various sources is increasing, since there has been a marked increase in production and consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements and fortified foods. The purpose of this study was to assess the maximum exposure of vitamins and minerals from various sources including diet, fortified foods, and health functional foods among Koreans. As a result, the highest exposure group of most vitamins and minerals from diet was adults (30 - 49 years of age) according to 2001 Korean National Nutrition and Health Survey Report. Maximum dietary intakes of vitamin A, B1, B2, C, nicotinamide, calcium, phosphorus and iron were 0.5 - 7 times of the RDA for Koreans, 7th ed. Maximum intakes of vitamins and minerals from fortified foods by adults (20 - 59 years of age) were 8 - 760% of the Korean RDA. In addition, maximum exposure of vitamins and minerals from vitamin.mineral health functional foods by middle aged people was 35 - 140% of the upper limits (UL: DRI for Koreans). As a consequence, maximum combined intakes of vitamin B6, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc from the above sources including diet, fortified foods and vitamin.mineral health functional foods were greater than the UL. These results would be applied for determining the safe upper limits of vitamin and mineral of health functional foods.

Keyword

maximum exposure; vitamin/mineral; diet; health functional foods; Koreans

MeSH Terms

Adult
Ascorbic Acid
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Calcium
Diet
Food, Fortified
Functional Food
Health Surveys
Humans
Iron
Middle Aged
Minerals*
Niacinamide
Phosphorus
Vitamin A
Vitamin B 6
Vitamins*
Zinc
Ascorbic Acid
Calcium
Iron
Minerals
Niacinamide
Phosphorus
Vitamin A
Vitamin B 6
Vitamins
Zinc