Korean Diabetes J.  2010 Dec;34(6):340-349. 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.6.340.

The Small Rice Bowl-Based Meal Plan was Effective at Reducing Dietary Energy Intake, Body Weight, and Blood Glucose Levels in Korean Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• Ahn HJ
• Han KA
• Kwon HR
• Min KW

• KMID: 2222361
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.6.340

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The typical Korean diet includes rice, which is usually served in a rice bowl. We investigated the effects of a meal plan using rice bowls of varying sizes on dietary energy intake (EI), body weight (BW), and blood glucose levels.
METHODS
Forty-two obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to use either a 200 mL small rice bowl (SB), a 380 mL regular rice bowl (RB), or to a control group (C). Both intervention groups were asked to reduce their EI by 500 kcal/day for 12 weeks and simple instructions for using the assigned bowl were provided. Dietary EI and proportion of macronutrients (PMN) were estimated from 3-day dietary records.
RESULTS
Reduction of EI was more prominent in the SB group compared to the RB and C group, although EI decreased significantly from baseline in all groups. Carbohydrate and fat intakes of the SB group were decreased greater than those of the RB and C group. However, changes in PMN were not significant across the 3 groups. Reduction of BW and HbA1c levels in the SB group was more prominent compared to the C group. Although, BW and HbA1c were decreased significantly from baseline in both bowl groups. There was no statistical difference between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
The small rice bowl-based meal plan was effective at reducing EI, BW, and blood glucose levels, and the observed reductions in EI, carbohydrate, and fat intake were greater than those of the regular rice bowl-based meal plan.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Diabetic diet; Education; Obesity; Weight loss

MeSH Terms

Blood Glucose
Body Weight
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet, Diabetic
Diet
Energy Intake
Female
Humans
Meals
Obesity
Weight Loss
Blood Glucose

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Change of EI (A), carbohydrate intake (B), fat intake (C) and protein intake (D) after 12-week's intervention in obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The reduction in EI, carbohydrate, and fat intake in the SB group was more prominent than that in the C group (P < 0.05). The reduction of EI and carbohydrate intake in the SB group was greater than that in the RB group (P < 0.05). C, control; EI, energy intake; SB, small size rice bowl (200 mL bowl); RB, regular size rice bowl (380 mL bowl). aP values < 0.05 vs. C group, bP values < 0.05 vs. RB group.

• 

  Fig. 2 Change in body weight (A) and HbA1c (B) after 12-week bowl intervention or control in obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BW decreased in the SB group but not in the RB group, compared to the C group (P < 0.05). HbA1c levels decreased in the bowl groups without difference between the bowl groups (P < 0.05). HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; BW, body weight; C, control; SB, small size rice bowl (200 mL bowl); RB, regular size rice bowl (380 mL bowl). aP values < 0.05 vs. C group.

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