The Effects of Small Sized Rice Bowl Based Education on Dietary Energy Intakes and Dietary Patterns in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Eom, Yu Kyung; Ahn, Hee Jung; Kwon, Hwi Ryun; Min, Kyung Wan; Han, Kyung Ah

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The energy intake from carbohydrate (CHO) was 68.0% in Korean diabetics and the main CHO source was rice. This study was to evaluate the effects of a small sized rice bowl (SR) based education on dietary energy intake and composition of macronutrient in obese type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
A total of 57 (male; 29, female; 28) obese persons with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the study, and received a simple instructions on the use of a SR (male; 300 cc, female; 200 cc). The 3-day dietary records were analyzed for total energy intake and proportion of macronutrients, before and 2 weeks after SR based education was given.
RESULTS
At baseline, age of subjects was 57.0 +/- 7.7years, and the body mass index was 27.8 +/- 2.1 kg/m2, without significant differences between gender group. The ratio of dietary energy intake to recommended energy intake was 117% at baseline which decreased significantly in both groups (male; -5.6 +/- 5.4%, P < 0.001, female; -13.1 +/- 14.6%, P < 0.001, respectively). The proportion of CHO intake was reduced in both groups (male; -3.3 +/- 6.1%, P = 0.007, female; -3.0 +/- 5.8%, P = 0.012, respectively), protein intake was significantly increased only in male (P = 0.002), and fat intake was significantly increased only in female (P = 0.037). However, the value did not go over the recommendation of Korean Diabetes Association. Weight loss was observed by -0.4 +/- 0.5 kg significantly only in male. But effects of a SR based education were not obvious in alcohol consumers whose weekly alcohol consumption was more 2 glasses for male, and 1 glass for female.
CONCLUSION
A SR-based education was effective in reduction of the dietary energy intake and carbohydrate intake in the obese Korean with type 2 diabetes.