Cancer Res Treat.  2014 Jul;46(3):243-249.

Outcome of Local Excision Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Clinically T2 Distal Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 12-06)

• Noh JM
• Park W
• Kim JS
• Koom WS
• Kim JH
• Choi DH
• Park HC

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to examine the clinical implications of a pathologically complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by local excision for patients with cT2 rectal cancer who refused radical surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventeen patients with cT2 primary rectal cancer within 6 cm from the anal verge who received neoadjuvant CRT and local excision because of patient refusal of radical surgery or poor performance status were included. Two patients had clinical involvement of a regional lymph node. Preoperative radiotherapy was delivered to the whole pelvis at a dose of 44 to 50.4 Gy in 22 to 28 fractions. All patients underwent transanal excision and eight patients (47%) received postoperative chemotherapy.
RESULTS
Ten patients (59%) achieved ypT0. At a median follow-up period of 75 months (range, 22 to 126 months), four (24%) patients developed recurrence (two locoregional and two distant). The 5-year disease-free survival of all patients was 82%, and was higher in patients with ypT0 (90%) than in patients with ypT1-2 (69%, p=0.1643). Decreased disease-free survival was also observed in patients receiving capecitabine compared with 5-fluorouracil (54% vs. 100%, p=0.0298).
CONCLUSION
Local excision could be a feasible alternative to radical surgery in patients with ypT0 after neoadjuvant CRT for cT2 distal rectal cancer without further radical surgery.

Keyword

Rectal neoplasms; Neoadjuvant therapy; Local excision; Complete remission

MeSH Terms

Chemoradiotherapy*
Disease-Free Survival
Disulfiram
Drug Therapy
Fluorouracil
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Lymph Nodes
Neoadjuvant Therapy
Pelvis
Radiotherapy
Rectal Neoplasms*
Recurrence
Retrospective Studies*
Capecitabine
Disulfiram
Fluorouracil

Figure

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  Fig. 1. (A) Disease-free survival of all patients. (B) Disease-free survival according to ypT-classification.

Reference

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