NK and LAK activities of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and regional lymph node in patients with primary lung cancer

Lee, Yi Hyeong; Kim, Se Kyu; Kim, Hyung Il; Chung, Kyoung Young; Chang, Joon; Kim, Sung Kyu; Lee, Won Young; Hahn, Myung Ho; Youn, Jung Ku

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Several lymphocytic populations, such as natural killer(NK) cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, are involved in immunosurveillance against tumors. Whereas the biological significance of the regional lymph node as a tumor barrier remains unclear, the clinical prognostic relevance of the neoplastic infiltration of these nodes is accepted. It appears that lymph node metastasis are more frequent in lung cancer than in other cancers because of impaired defensive mechanisms in the regional lymph nodes. However little is known about the immunologic function of regional lymph node lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer. Although there is general agreement that the NK and LAK activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) decreases in patients with various solid and leukemic tumors, this decrease remains unclear with regard to the NK and LAK activities of their regional lymph node mononuclear cells(LNMC). We performed this study to determine the NK and LAK acti vities of regional lymph node, and to compare with those of peripheral blood in patients with lung cancer.
METHODS
We measured the NK and LAK activities of PBMC and LNMC that were extirpated at lung cancer operations in 17 patients with lung cancer by 4 hour 51Cr-release assay using K562, Raji cell and allogenous lung cancer cell line(NCIH1092) as a target cell. E:T ratio were 12.5:1, 25:1, and 50:1.
RESULTS
1. Recombinant interleukin-2 induced strong cytotoxic activities against various target cells in PBMC and LNMC. 2. In patients with lung cancer, NK and LAK activities against K562 and allogenous lung cancer cell line(NCIH 1092) were lower than those of PBMC. 3. Against Raji cell, NK activities were not signifi cantly different between PBMC and LNMC, but LAK activities were significantly lower than those of PBMC. 4. NK activities against K562, Raji, and NCIH1092 cell were not significantly different between in patients with early stage and advanced stage lung cancer. 5. LAK activities of PBMC and LNMC against K562, Raji, and NCIH1092 cell were significantly lower in pa tients with advanced stage than those in patients with early stage lung cancer.
CONCLUSION
NK and LAK activities of LNMC in patients with lung cancer were lower than those of PBMC, but the cytotoxicity was markedly increased after culture with rIL-2.