J Korean Acad Conserv Dent.  2009 Nov;34(6):537-550. 10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.6.537.

Gene expression of human coronary artery endothelial cells in response to Porphyromonas endodontalis invasion

• Kong HJ
• Choi KK
• Park SH
• Lee JY
• Choi GW

• KMID: 1986617
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.6.537

Abstract

During the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in the impact of oral health on atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD). To date, some periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) have been reported to be relevant to CVD. Porphyromonas endodontalis (P. endodontalis), which shares approximately 87% sequence homology with P. gingivalis, is mostly found within infected root canals. However, recent studies reveal that this pathogen also resides in the dental plaque or periodontal pocket in patients with periodontitis. It has been shown that P. endodontalis invades human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC). To evaluate whether P. endodontalis can participate in the progression of atherosclerosis and CVD, we examined the changes in transcriptional gene expression profiles of HCAEC responding to invasion by P. endodontalis in this study. The following results were obtained. 1. Porphyromonas endodontalis was invasive of HCAEC. 2. According to the microarray analysis, there were 625 genes upregulated more than two-folds, while there were 154 genes downregulated by half. 3. Upregulated genes were relevant to inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, coagulation and immune response. Enhanced expression of MMP-1 was also noticeable. 4. The transcription profiles of the 10 selected genes examined by real-time PCR agreed well with those observed in the microarray analysis. Thus, these results show that P. endodontalis presents the potential to trigger and augment atherosclerosis leading to CVD.

Keyword

Porphyromonas endodontalis; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease (CVD); Invasion; Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC); Gene expression

MeSH Terms

Apoptosis
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular Diseases
Coronary Vessels
Cytokines
Dental Plaque
Dental Pulp Cavity
Endothelial Cells
Gene Expression
Humans
Microarray Analysis
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle
Oral Health
Periodontal Pocket
Periodontitis
Porphyromonas
Porphyromonas endodontalis
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Homology
Transcriptome
Cytokines

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