Korean J Nephrol.  1999 Jan;18(1):105-111.

The Clinical Features of Acute Renal Failure Caused by Alcohol Induced Rhabdomyolysis

• Shin WS
• Kim YO
• Han CM
• Hong SH
• Lim KH
• Sung YJ
• Yoon SA
• Kim YS
• Kim SY
• Bang BK

Abstract

Alcohol can cause rhabdomyolysis by either direct toxicity or associated metabolic abnormality such as hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia. It can also predispose to or cause trauma, seizures, or coma- induced ischemic pressure necrosis. In order to investigate the clinical features of acute renal failure caused by alcohol induced rhabdomyolysis, we reviewed the medical records of the 12 patients. All patients had been drinking much amounts of alcohol for several years. All patients showed elevation of muscle enzyme such as creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Predisposing factors of rhabdomyolysis were ischemic compression due to unconsciousness and dehydration(2 cases), and hypophosphatemia and dehydration(1 case), seizure and dehydration(1 case), and only severe dehydration(3 cases). Initial symptoms were painful swelling at lesion site(5 cases), abdominal pain(2 cases), general ache(2 cases), leg pain without swelling(1 case), dyspnea(1case), and lethargy(1 case). Seven patients developed delirium tremens during recovery stage. Eight patients showed oliguric acute renal failure and 8 patients were treated with hemodialysis. Complications were disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)(3 cases), compartment syndrome(2 cases), capillary leak syndrome and DIC(1 case). One of 12 patients died of disseminated intravascular coagulation and other patients showed complete recovery of renal function.

Keyword

Rhabdomyolysis; Acute renal failure; Alcohol

MeSH Terms

Acute Kidney Injury*
Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Capillary Leak Syndrome
Causality
Creatine Kinase
Creatinine
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Drinking
Humans
Hypokalemia
Hypophosphatemia
Leg
Medical Records
Necrosis
Oxidoreductases
Renal Dialysis
Rhabdomyolysis*
Seizures
Unconsciousness
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Creatine Kinase
Creatinine
Oxidoreductases