Gut Liver.  2014 Jan;8(1):49-57.

Gastroprotective Effect of Cochinchina momordica Seed Extract in Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Acute Gastric Damage in a Rat Model

• Lim JH
• Kim JH
• Kim N
• Lee BH
• Seo PJ
• Kang JM
• Jo SY
• Park JH
• Nam RH
• Chang H
• Kwon JW
• Lee DH

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
The major compounds of Cochinchina momordica seed extract (SK-MS10) include momordica saponins. We report that the gastroprotective effect of SK-MS10 in an ethanol-induced gastric damage rat model is mediated by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and downregulating cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and the activation of calcitonin gene-related peptide. In this study, we evaluated the gastroprotective effects of SK-MS10 in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric damage rat model.
METHODS
The pretreatment effect of SK-MS10 was evaluated in the NSAID-induced gastric damage rat model using aspirin, indomethacin, and diclofenac in 7-week-old rats. Gastric damage was evaluated based on the gross ulcer index by gastroenterologists, and the damage area (%) was measured using the MetaMorph 7.0 video image analysis system. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting was used to analyze the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, cPLA2, and 5-LOX.
RESULTS
All NSAIDs induced gastric damage based on the gross ulcer index and damage area (p<0.05). Gastric damage was significantly attenuated by SK-MS10 pretreatment compared with NSAID treatment alone (p<0.05). The SK-MS10 pretreatment group exhibited lower MPO levels than the diclofenac group. The expression of cPLA2 and 5-LOX was decreased by SK-MS10 pretreatment in each of the three NSAID treatment groups.
CONCLUSIONS
SK-MS10 exhibited a gastroprotective effect against NSAID-induced acute gastric damage in rats. However, its protective mechanism may be different across the three types of NSAID-induced gastric damage models in rats.

Keyword

Cochinchina momordica; Gastroprotection; Anti-inflammatory agents, non-steroidal; Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase; Phospholipases A2, cytosolic

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects
Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase/drug effects
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/drug effects
Cyclooxygenase 1/drug effects
Cyclooxygenase 2/drug effects
Disease Models, Animal
Gastric Mucosa/chemistry/drug effects
Group IV Phospholipases A2/drug effects
Male
Momordica/*chemistry
Peroxidase/drug effects
Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Seeds/*chemistry
Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced/*prevention & control
Treatment Outcome
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase
Cyclooxygenase 1
Cyclooxygenase 2
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
Group IV Phospholipases A2
Peroxidase
Plant Extracts