Nat Prod Sci.  2017 Jun;23(2):108-112. 10.20307/nps.2017.23.2.108.

Anti-inflammatory, Anti-arthritic and Analgesic Effect of the Herbal Extract Made from Bacopa monnieriis, Cassia fistula and Phyllanthus polyphyllus

• Yoon WH
• Lee KH

• KMID: 2387060
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2017.23.2.108

Abstract

Anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activity of each herbal extract, which is extracted from Bacopa monnieriis, Cassia fistula and Phyllanthus polyphyllus, respectively. The treatment of herbal extract exhibited anti-inflammatory effect as a dose-dependent manner, from 1.25mg/kg to 12.5mg/kg, in acute inflammatory models (carrageen and egg-albumin induced rat hind paw edema). It also elicited significant anti-inflammatory activity in chronic inflammatory models (cotton pellet granuloma and Freund's adjuvant induced polyarthritis in rat). In cotton pellet granuloma test, the extract exhibited the inhibitory effect of 23 and 57% at the dose of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg, respectively. In Freund's adjuvant induced model, the treatment of the extract of 1.25, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg showed the inhibitory effect of 23, 56 and 66% at 8 days, respectively. In the acetic acid-induced model, the extract significantly reduced abdominal writhing in mice when compared to the control group, reducing the mean number of writhing from 41 ± 2 in the control group to 17 ± 3 and 15 ± 2 at the dose of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg. From these experiments, the extract, which was extracted from the combination of Bacopa monnieriis, Cassia fistula and Phyllanthus polyphyllus, (w/w/w = 1/2/1) is surprisingly found a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Keyword

Bacopa monnieriis; Cassia fistula; Phyllanthus polyphyllus; Anti-inflammatory

MeSH Terms

Animals
Arthritis
Bacopa*
Cassia*
Freund's Adjuvant
Granuloma
Mice
Phyllanthus*
Rats
Freund's Adjuvant

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Edema inhibitory effect of the herbal extract on carrageenan (a) and egg-albumin (b) induced rat paw edema. Values represent mean ± SE (n = 6). ∗P ≤ 0.05 vs. control.

• 

  Fig. 2. Inhibitory effect of the herbal extract on cotton pellet-induced granuloma in albino Wistar rats. Weight of granuloma is difference of dry cotton pellet weight and initial cotton pellet weight. Values are expressed as mean ± SE (n = 6). ∗ P ≤ 0.05 vs. control.

• 

  Fig. 3. Change of edema volume (ml) by the treatment of the herbal extract on Freund's adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± SE (n = 6). ∗ P ≤ 0.05 vs. control.

• 

  Fig. 4. Analgesic effects of the herbal extract by acetic acid writhing in mice. Values are expressed as mean ± SE (n = 6). ∗ P ≤ 0.05 vs. control.

Reference

References

(1). Rostom A.., Dube C.., Wells G.., Tugwell P.., Welch V.., Jolicoeur E.., McGowan J.Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2002. 4:, CD002296.

(2). Green G. A.Clin. Cornerstone. 2001. 3:50–60.

(3). Bombardier C.., Laine L.., Reicin A.., Shapiro D.., Burgos-Vargas R.., Davis B.., Day R.., Ferraz M. B.., Hawkey C. J.., Hochberg M. C.., Kvien T. K.., Schnitzer T. J. N.Engl. J. Med. 2000. 343:1520–1528.

(4). Baron J. A.., Sandler R. S.., Bresalier R. S.., Lanas A.., Morton D. G.., Riddell R.., Iverson E. R.., Demets D. L.Lancet. 2008. 372:1756–1764.

(5). Kearney P. M.., Baigent C.., Godwin J.., Halls H.., Emberson J. R.., Patrono C. B. M.J. 2006. 332:1302–1308.

(6). Akah P. A.., Nwafor S. V.., Okoli C. O. J.Natural Remedies. 2003. 3:1–30.

(7). Nadkarni K. M.The Indian Materia Medica; South Asia Books: Columbia,. 1988. 624–625.

(8). Ilavarasan R.., Mallika M.., Venkataraman S.Afr. J. Trad. CAM. 2005. 1:70–85.

(9). Rao Y. K.., Fang S. H.., Tzeng Y. M. J.Ethnopharmacol. 2006. 103:181–186.

(10). Tsuji Y.., Kakegawa H.., Miyataka H.., Matsumoto H.., Satoh T.Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1993. 16:675–678.

(11). Morris C. J.Methods Mol. Biol. 2003. 225:115–121.

(12). Winter C. A.., Porter C. C. J.Am. Pharm. Assoc. Am. Pharm. Assoc. 1957. 46:515–519.

(13). Kumar R.., Nair V.., Singh S.., Gupta Y. K.Ayu. 2015. 36:341–345.

(14). Gawade S. P. J.Pharmacol. Pharmacother. 2012. 3:348.

(15). Takayama K.., Hirose A.., Suda I.., Miyazaki A.., Oguchi M.., Onotogi M.., Fotopoulos G.Int. J. Biomed. Sci. 2011. 7:222–229.