Effect of platelet-rich plasma on autogenous bone graft remodelling in rabbit

Seong, Dae Heak; Min, Seung Ki

Abstract

Recently, various type of bone grafting was developed for enhancing bone formation capacity. Platelet rich plasma(PRP) is an autologous source of several growth factors that is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation. This study was to evaluate the effect of PRP on grafted bone healing. Twenty four rabbit were included in this randomized, blinded, prospective pilot study. Eight specimens were sampled analysed for platelet count between normal blood and PRP. In experimental group, two mandibular bone defects on the mandible which size were 6 mm diameter round shape were created and immediately grafted with autogenous bone chips mixed with PRP on one side and with bio-oss mixed with PRP on the other side. In control group, same bone defect were prepared and grafted with autogenous bone chip and bio-oss only. The specimens had been sacrificed at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th weeks after operation, proceeded for H & E and M/T staining and examined under right microscope. In platelet count test, PRP group is 3-4 times higher platelet concentration than normal blood group. At initial 1st, 2nd week, PRP group showed more dense connection among grafted bone than control. Generally, PRP group showed that inflammatory response and bone resorption tendency were diminished, but osteoblastic activity and amount of bone formation were higher than control. Like above, use of platelet rich plasma on bone grafting could diminish the initial inflammation and increase capacity of the bone formation process.