J Korean Dent Sci.  2024 Dec;17(4):163-173. 10.5856/JKDS.2024.17.4.163.

A Review of Molecular Markers of Mature Odontoblasts and Their Role in Dentin Repair and Regeneration Research

• Lee YS
• Park JC
• Son WJ
• Seo DG

• KMID: 2564307
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5856/JKDS.2024.17.4.163

Abstract

The terminal differentiation of odontoblasts is characterized by specific molecular markers that reflect their functional maturity. This review explores both canonical markers, such as Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP1), Nestin, and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), and emerging markers like MAP1B, MAP Tau, and β-catenin. These markers offer valuable insights into the regulation of odontoblast differentiation and the maintenance of their polarized, dentin-secreting phenotype. The review further discusses the experimental applications of these markers in in vitro studies, dental tissue engineering, regenerative endodontics, and drug discovery. Canonical markers are utilized to confirm the maturity of odontoblasts and evaluate bioengineered tissues, while emerging markers reveal potential new targets for enhancing dentin repair and regeneration. Additionally, the role of signaling pathways, including Wnt5a, BMP, and integrin-mediated pathways, in supporting the structural and functional characteristics of mature odontoblasts is discussed. By consolidating current knowledge on these markers and pathways, this review aims to advance the understanding of odontoblast biology and contribute to the development of innovative strategies for dental tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.

Keyword

Odontoblast; Differentiation; Cell Polarity; Mineralization; Dentin