J Dent Hyg Sci.
2024 Sep;24(3):181-189. 10.17135/jdhs.2024.24.3.181.
Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on the Focal Adhesions of MC3T3-E1 Preosteoblasts on Titanium Surface
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- 2Department of Dental Hygiene, Graduate School of Public Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
- 3Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Korea
- 4Institute of Basic Science for Well-Aging, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Korea
- KMID: 2560031
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2024.24.3.181
Abstract
- Background
Focal adhesions (FAs) is the most important process in the first step of osseointegration between preosteoblasts and titanium (Ti). FAs improvement and pre-osteoblasts cell proliferation leads to successful Ti-based dental implants. This study aimed to confirm the applicability of rosmarinic acid (RA) as a functional substance for improving FAs and cell proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on Ti surfaces during the first stage of osseointegration for successful Ti-based dental implants.
Methods
We used MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on Ti discs incubated in a medium supplemented with or without 14 µg/ml to decipher the effects of RA on FAs and cell proliferation. FAs and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on Ti discs were assessed via MTT assay. Actin-labeled cells and paxillin contacts were observed and imaged by fluorescent microscopy, and the associated signaling pathways were revealed through western blot analysis.
Results
In RA-treated MC3T3-E1 cells on Ti discs, FAs between MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and Ti surfaces and the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphorylated FAK and paxillin proteins and filamentous-actin formation increased. RA increased the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on the Ti surface as well as the expression of Grab2, Ras, pERK1/2, and ERK1/2. In addition, the expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and thymosin b4, known as nanomolecules that enhance the interaction between implanted Ti materials and preosteoblasts in the RA-treated MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts, increased. RA not only increased the FAs of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on the Ti surface through the FAK/Paxillin signaling pathway, but also increased cell proliferation and mitosis through the FAK/Grab2/Ras/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Conclusion
RA can be applied as an effective functional substrate to improve the FAs and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblats on Ti surfaces, which are essential in the first step of osseointegration between implanted Ti and bone tissue for the clinical success of Ti based dental implants.
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