J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2021 Oct;51(5):342-351. 10.5051/jpis.2100920046.

Peri-implantitis, systemic inflammation, and dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional biochemical study

• Blanco C
• Liñares A
• Dopico J
• Pico A
• Sobrino T
• Leira Y
• Blanco J

• KMID: 2557512
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2100920046

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory and lipid profile of patients with and without peri-implantitis.
Methods
A cross-sectional biochemical study was carried out in which blood samples were collected from 16 patients with peri-implantitis and from 31 subjects with healthy implants. Clinical peri-implant parameters were obtained from all subjects. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in serum. Lipid fractions, glucose and creatinine levels, and complete blood count were also assessed.
Results
After controlling for a history of periodontitis, statistically significant differences between peri-implantitis patients and controls were found for total cholesterol (estimated adjusted mean difference, 76.4 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 39.6, 113.2 mg/dL; P<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (estimated adjusted mean difference, 57.7 mg/dL; 95% CI, 23.8, 91.6 mg/dL; P<0.001), white blood cells (WBC) (estimated adjusted mean difference, 2.8×10 ³ /μL; 95% CI, 1.6, 4.0×10 ³ /μL; P<0.001) and IL-10 (estimated adjusted mean difference, −10.4 pg/mL; 95% CI, −15.8, −5.0 pg/mL; P<0.001). The periimplant probing pocket depth (PPD) was modestly positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.512; P<0.001), LDL cholesterol (r=0.463; P=0.001), and WBC (r=0.519; P<0.001). A moderate negative correlation was observed between IL-10 and PPD (r=0.609; P<0.001).
Conclusions
Otherwise healthy individuals with peri-implantitis showed increased lowgrade systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia.

Keyword

Cardiovascular diseases; Dyslipidemias; Inflammation; Leukocytes; Peri-implantitis