Korean J Intern Med.
2024 Mar;39(2):215-227. 10.3904/kjim.2023.299.
New targets for type 2-low asthma
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
- 3Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2552941
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2023.299
Abstract
- Asthma is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation, and presents significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. The concept of endotypes has improved understanding of the mechanisms of asthma and has stimulated the development of effective treatment strategies. Sputum profiles may be used to classify asthma into two major inflammatory types: type 2-high (T2H) and type 2-low (T2L) asthma. T2H, characterized by elevated type 2 inflammation, has been extensively studied and several effective biologic treatments have been developed. However, managing T2L is more difficult due to the lack of reliable biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and classification. Additionally, conventional anti-inflammatory therapy does not completely control the symptoms of T2L; therefore, further research is needed to identify effective biologic treatments. This review provides new insights into the clinical characteristics and underlying mechanisms of severe T2L and investigates potential therapeutic approaches to control the disease.
