J Vet Sci.
2023 Jul;24(4):e51. 10.4142/jvs.23039.
Receptor binding motif surrounding sites in the Spike 1 protein of infectious bronchitis virus have high susceptibility to mutation related to selective pressure
- Affiliations
-
- 1Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- 2BK21 Plus Program for Veterinary Science and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- 3Rsearch Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- 4Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
- 5Laboratory of Poultry Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- 6Farm Animal Clinical Training and Research Center (FACTRC), GBST, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- KMID: 2545101
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23039
Abstract
- Background
To date, various genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) have cocirculated and in Korea, GI-15 and GI-19 lineages were prevailing. The spike protein, particularly S1 subunit, is responsible for receptor binding, contains hypervariable regions and is also responsible for the emerging of novel variants.
Objective
This study aims to investigate the putative major amino acid substitutions for the variants in GI-19.
Methods
The S1 sequence data of IBV isolated from 1986 to 2021 in Korea (n = 188) were analyzed. Sequence alignments were carried out using Multiple alignment using Fast Fourier Transform of Geneious prime. The phylogenetic tree was generated using MEGA-11 (ver. 11.0.10) and Bayesian analysis was performed by BEAST v1.10.4. Selective pressure was analyzed via online server Datamonkey. Highlights and visualization of putative critical amino acid were conducted by using PyMol software (version 2.3).
Results
Most (93.5%) belonged to the GI-19 lineage in Korea, and the GI-19 lineage was further divided into seven subgroups: KM91-like (Clade A and B), K40/09-like, QX-like (I-IV). Positive selection was identified at nine and six residues in S1 for KM91-like and QX-like IBVs, respectively. In addition, several positive selection sites of S1-NTD were indicated to have mutations at common locations even when new clades were generated. They were all located on the lateral surface of the quaternary structure of the S1 subunits in close proximity to the receptor-binding motif (RBM), putative RBM motif and neutralizing antigenic sites in S1.
Conclusions
Our results suggest RBM surrounding sites in the S1 subunit of IBV are highly susceptible to mutation by selective pressure during evolution.
- Full Text Links
-
- Actions
-
Cited
- CITED
-
- Close
- Share
-
- Similar articles
-
- SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Variant: A Unique T478K Mutation in Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) of Spike Gene
- Production and immunogenicity of chimeric virus-like particles containing the spike glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus
- Development of an attenuated vaccine strain from a korean respiratory type infectious bronchitis virus
- Immunosuppressive effect of Cryptosporidium baileyi infection on vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis in chicks
- Identification of a mimotope of an infectious bronchitis virus S1 protein
