Gut Liver.  2023 Jul;17(4):495-504. 10.5009/gnl220523.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases

• Kim JS
• Chen MH
• Wang HE
• Lu CL
• Wang YP
• Zhang B

• KMID: 2544892
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220523

Abstract

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated an intricate association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and neurodegenerative conditions, expanding beyond previous foci of comorbidities between IBD and mood disorders. These new discoveries stem from an improved understanding of the gut-microbiome-brain axis: specifically, the ability of the intestinal microbiota to modulate inflammation and regulate neuromodulatory compounds. Clinical retrospective studies incorporating large sample sizes and population-based cohorts have demonstrated and confirmed the relevance of IBD and chronic neurodegeneration in clinical medicine. In this review, we expound upon the current knowledge on the gut-microbiome-brain axis, highlighting several plausible mechanisms linking IBD with neurodegeneration. We also summarize the known associations between IBD with Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia and ischemic stroke, and multiple sclerosis in a clinical context. Finally, we discuss the implications of an improved understanding of the gut-microbiome-brain axis in preventing, diagnosing, and managing neurodegeneration among IBD and non-IBD patients.

Keyword

Inflammatory bowel diseases; Dementia; Parkinson disease; Multiple sclerosis; Gut-brain axis