J Dent Rehabil Appl Sci.  2021 Mar;37(1):48-60. 10.14368/jdras.2021.37.1.48.

Orthodontic intrusion treatment of mandibular anterior teeth in a periodontal patient with hyperdivergent skeletal pattern: 8-year follow-up

Affiliations
  • 1Dental Clinic Center, Pusan National University Hosptial, Busan, Republic of Korea
  • 2(Bio)medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
  • 3Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Patients who have extruded anterior teeth and deep bite with pathologic tooth migration, it is necessary not only periodontal treat-ment for reduce inflammation, but also orthodontic treatment for intrusion of anterior teeth. However, it is difficult to place the orthodontic brackets due to the deep bite, and there is a problem that the extrusion of the posterior teeth occurs more easily than the intrusion of the anterior teeth biomechanically. In particular, in patients with long face, relative intrusion of the anterior teeth by extrusion of the posterior teeth causes the clockwise rotation of the mandible and makes the facial profile worse. Therefore the biomechanical consideration and appliance design that can block these problems are required from the treatment plan. This is a patient who had a deep overbite with extruded anterior teeth, treated by treatment and intrusion of mandibular anterior teeth using cute brackes and miniscrews, and resulted in favorable maintenance during 8-year retention.

Keyword

periodontitis; tooth intrusion; deep bite; orthodontic anchorage

Figure

  • Fig. 1 (A) Pretreatment extraoral photographs. Gummy smile and excessive tooth exposure were observed. (B) Pretreatment intraoral photographs. Deep bite and gingival recession were observed.

  • Fig. 2 (A) Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiograph and analysis. Deep overbite and large overjet were observed. SNA, the angle of sella-nasion-A point; SNB, the angle of sella-nasion-B point; ANB, the angle of A point-nasion-B point; SN-Mn., the angle of SN plane and mandibular plane; FMA, Frankfort mandibular plane angle; U1 to SN, the angle of the long axis of maxillary central incisors between sella-nasion plane; IMPA, the angle of the lowermost tangent to the mandible and the long axis of mandibular incisors; U1-Stmi, the distance of the U1 incisal edge to stomion of upper lip; Interlabial gap, the distance of the stomion of upper lip to lower lip; Overjet, the anterior-posterior distance of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors; Overbite, the vertical overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors. (B) Pretreatment panoramic (1) & periapical radiographs (2, 3). Angular alveolar bone loss was observed on the distal root surface of # 21. Generalized alveolar bone loss was also observed on the mandibular anterior teeth. *, **, ***, indicates that the value is beyond one, two or three times of the standard deviation.

  • Fig. 3 Intraoral photos during orthodontic treatment. (A) Brackets (maxillary full arch) and cute brackets (mandibular anterior teeth) were bonded. Anchorage preparations were done using temporary anchorage devices(TADs) on mandible. (B - D) Progression of orthodontic treatment. (during 18 months). (B) Overbite was improved. (D) Vertical positions on maxillary arch were maintained using TADs.

  • Fig. 4 Posttreatment intraoral photographs (A) and panoramic radiograph (B). Normal overbite and overjet were achieved. Fixed retainer was placed on both anterior teeth.

  • Fig. 5 Pretreatment, posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs (A) and superimposition analysis (B). (A) Pretreatment (1), posttreatment (2) radiographs and cephalometric analysis (3). (B) Superimposition of pretreatment and posttreatment. B-1, Superimposition of the maxilla and mandible based on the cranial base (Nasion-Basion line). B-2, Superimposition of the maxilla based on palatal plane (ANS-PNS). B-3, Superimposition of the mandible based on Xi-Pm line (Xi, the point placed in the center of the mandibular ascending ramus; Pm, point where curvature of the anterior contour of the symphysis changes from concave to convex). During orthodontic treatment, the vertical position of the mandibular posterior teeth was maintained and the mandibular anterior teeth were intruded and labioversion. However, the maxillary molar was mildly extruded during the leveling process, and a slight clockwise rotation of the mandible was observed (gray line: pretreatment, red line: posttreatment). *, **, ***, indicates that the value is beyond one, two or three times of the standard deviation.

  • Fig. 6 Intraoral photographs (A) and panoramic & periapical radiographs (B) for 8-year retention period. Overjet and overbite were maintained. #16 was extracted. Implant fixture was placed on #16 site. Lamina dura was observed on periapical radiographs.

  • Fig. 7 Lateral cephalometric radiograph of posttreatment (A), 5-year follow-up (B), superimposition of A & B, (C) and analysis (D).


Reference

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