Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.  2021 Sep;25(5):403-411. 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.5.403.

Gastroprotective effect of cirsilineol against hydrochloric acid/ ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

• Gong G
• Zhao R
• Zhu Y
• Yu J
• Wei B
• Xu Y
• Cui Z
• Liang G

• KMID: 2519403
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.5.403

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of cirsilineol in hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. Cirsilineol was administered at the doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg in HCl/ethanol-induced rats. The gastroprotective ability was verified by determining the ulcer score, total acidity, hemoglobin, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxides, and enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in gastric tissue and serum biochemical analysis. The results showed a favorable increase in the hemoglobin level, antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), restored electrochemical balance (carbon dioxide & anion gap) while a noticeable decrease in ulcer index, total acidity, lipid peroxides, inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in rats treated with the cirsilineol. The serum biochemical analysis on liver markers (alkaline phosphatases, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase), kidney markers (urea, creatinine, albumin, globulin, total protein), and lipid profile (triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol) were attenuated by cirsilineol treatment in rats. Histopathology showed enhanced gastric protection and preserved the integrity of gastric mucosa upon cirsilineol administration. These results ultimately suggest that cirsilineol has gastroprotective effects that prevent the development of gastric ulcer.

Keyword

Antioxidant; Inflammation; Phenolic; Stomach ulcer

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The ulcer index scores and ulcer markers by cirsilineol treatment. Results were articulated as mean ± SEM from 6 individual rats. Group I: control rats, Group II: untreated hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol rats, Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. #Significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group I, *significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group II, **significant difference by (p < 0.01) from Group II.

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  Fig. 2 The inflammatory cytokines (TNF- α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and anti-oxidative expression (SOD, CAT, and LPO) by cirsilineol treatment. Results were articulated as mean ± SEM by (p < 0.05) from 6 individual rats. Group I: control rats, Group II: untreated hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol rats, Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; IL-6, interleukin-6; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; LPO, lipid peroxidation. #Significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group I, *significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group II, **significant difference by (p < 0.01) from Group II.

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  Fig. 3 The liver function enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) by cirsilineol treatment. Results were articulated as mean ± SEM by (p < 0.05) from 6 individual rats. Group I: control rats, Group II: untreated hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol rats, Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. ALP, alkaline phosphatases; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase. #Significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group I, *significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group II, **significant difference by (p < 0.01) from Group II.

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  Fig. 4 The metabolic acidosis by cirsilineol treatment. Results were articulated as mean ± SEM by (p < 0.05) from 6 individual rats. Group I: control rats, Group II: untreated hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol rats, Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. #Significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group I, *significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group II.

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  Fig. 5 The kidney function markers (urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and globulin) and lipid profile (triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol) by cirsilineol treatment. Results were articulated as mean ± SEM by (p < 0.05) from 6 individual rats. Group I: control rats, Group II: untreated hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol rats, Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. HDL, high-density lipoprotein. #Significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group I, *significant difference by (p < 0.05) from Group II, **significant difference by (p < 0.01) from Group II.

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  Fig. 6 The histopathological evidence by cirsilineol treatment. Group I: control rats; Group II: hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol model rats (black arrows indicate the inflammatory cells, submucosal and mucosal damage, necrosis); Group III: cirsilineol (20 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats (black arrows indicate the inflammatory cells, mild mucosal damage) and Group IV: cirsilineol (40 mg/kg)-HCl/ethanol rats. The stain method is H&E (magnification at ×100).

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