J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.  2020 Oct;46(5):301-312. 10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.5.301.

Salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
  • 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
  • 4R&D Center, InSol Co., Hanam, Korea
  • 5Oral and Maxillofacial Microvascular Reconstruction LAB, Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana

Abstract

In disease diagnostics and health surveillance, the use of saliva has potential because its collection is convenient and noninvasive. Over the past two decades, the development of salivary utilization for the early detection of cancer, especially oral cavity and oropharynx cancer has gained the interest of the researcher and clinician. Until recently, the oral cavity and oropharynx cancers are still having a five-year survival rate of 62%, one of the lowest in all major human cancers. More than 90% of oral cancers are oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the ease of accessing the oral cavity in clinical examination, most OSCC lesions are not diagnosed in the early stage, which is suggested to be the main cause of the low survival rate. Many studies have been performed and reported more than 100 potential saliva biomarkers for OSCC. However, there are still obstacles in figuring out the reliable OSCC salivary biomarkers and the clinical application of the early diagnosis protocol. The current review article discusses the emerging issues and is hoped to raise awareness of this topic in both researchers and clinicians. We also suggested the potential salivary biomarkers that are reliable, specific, and sensitive for the early detection of OSCC.

Keyword

Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; Mouth neoplasm; Saliva; Biomarkers

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Classification of biomarkers. Adapted from the article of Mishra and Verma 1 (Cancers [Basel] 2010;2:190-208) in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) license.

  • Fig. 2 Variety of biomarkers found in saliva.


Cited by  1 articles

Next generation sequencing-based salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish, Mi Young Eo, Hoon Myoung, Jong Ho Lee, Soung Min Kim
J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;48(1):3-12.    doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.1.3.


Reference

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