Korean J Gastroenterol.  2019 Dec;74(6):314-320. 10.4166/kjg.2019.74.6.314.

Role of Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: Novel Insights and Potential Intervention Strategies

• Woldeamlak B
• Yirdaw K
• Biadgo B

• KMID: 2469905
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2019.74.6.314

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has become one of the fastest growing public health problems worldwide. The disease is believed to involve a complex process involving genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. The human intestine harbors hundreds of trillions of bacteria, as well as bacteriophage particles, viruses, fungi, and archaea, which constitute a complex and dynamic ecosystem referred to as the gut microbiota. Increasing evidence has indicated changes in the gut microbiota composition or function in type 2 diabetic patients. An analysis of "˜dysbiosis' enables the detection of alterations in the specific bacteria, clusters of bacteria, or bacterial functions associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. These bacteria are involved predominantly in the control of inflammation and energy homeostasis. This review attempts to show that the gut microbiota are important factors for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes and are important for the treatment of gut microbiota dysbiosis through bariatric surgery, fecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, and probiotics.

Keyword

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Gastrointestinal microbiome

MeSH Terms

Archaea
Bacteria
Bacteriophages
Bariatric Surgery
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Dysbiosis
Ecosystem
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Fungi
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Intestines
Prebiotics
Probiotics
Public Health
Virion
Prebiotics

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