Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2018 Apr;25(1):26-34. 10.14776/piv.2018.25.1.26.

Changes in the Occurrence of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis before and after the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients and Estimates of Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness

• Yoon JM
• Han TH
• Yoon SW
• Kim YJ
• Oh SH

• KMID: 2438751
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2018.25.1.26

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the changes in the occurrence of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RGE) after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine and estimate rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in hospitalized children.
METHODS
We compared the retrospective data of 671 patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2015, with retrospective data of 1,243 patients admitted to the same institution with AGE from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2005. The vaccine effectiveness was estimated using a case-positive control test-negative study.
RESULTS
The proportion of RGE in AGE was significantly lower in 2014 to 2015 (9.0%, 48/531) than in 2004 to 2005 (22.7%, 282/1,243) (P <0.001). In particular, there was a significant decrease in the 6- to 11-, 12- to 23-, and 24- to 35-month-old groups (P <0.001), whose rotavirus vaccination rates were higher than the remaining age groups. The monthly distribution of patients with RGE in 2004 to 2005 was higher from November to May, peaked in January, followed by December and February. In 2014 to 2015, the monthly distribution of patients with RGE slightly peaked in January. In 2014 to 2015 study, the complete rotavirus vaccination rate was 66.0% (332/503) and incomplete vaccination rate was 6.2% (31/503). Presumed rotavirus vaccine effectiveness was 83.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.5% to 92.9%) in the complete vaccination group and 27.4% (95% CI, -163.7% to 80.0%) in the incomplete group.
CONCLUSIONS
The proportion of RGE in AGE has markedly decreased since the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, and improving vaccination coverage will further reduce the burden of RGE in Korea.

Keyword

Rotavirus; Gastroenteritis; Child; Vaccines; Vaccination

MeSH Terms

Child
Child, Hospitalized
Child, Preschool
Gastroenteritis*
Humans
Korea
Pediatrics
Retrospective Studies
Rotavirus Vaccines
Rotavirus*
Seoul
Vaccination
Vaccines
Rotavirus Vaccines
Vaccines

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Monthly distribution of patients with rotavirus gastro enteritis (RGE) and acute gastroenteritis (AGE).

Reference

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