Restor Dent Endod.  2019 Feb;44(1):e8. 10.5395/rde.2019.44.e8.

In vitro evaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus epidermidis in disinfecting the root canal system

• Chum JD
• Lim DJ
• Sheriff SO
• Pulikkotil SJ
• Suresh A
• Davamani F

• KMID: 2438286
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e8

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Irrigants are imperative in endodontic therapy for the elimination of pathogens from the infected root canal. The present study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) with chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) for root canal disinfection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained using serial dilution method. The agar diffusion method was then used to determine the zones of inhibition for each irrigant. Lastly, forty 6-mm dentin blocks were prepared from human mandibular premolars and inoculated with S. epidermidis. Samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 blocks and irrigated for 3 minutes with saline (control), 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, or 0.1% OCT. Dentin samples were then collected immediately for microbial analysis, including an analysis of colony-forming units (CFUs).
RESULTS
The MICs of each tested irrigant were 0.05% for CHX, 0.25% for NaOCl, and 0.0125% for OCT. All tested irrigants showed concentration-dependent increase in zones of inhibition, and 3% NaOCl showed the largest zone of inhibition amongst all tested irrigants (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the CFU measurements of 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, and 0.1% OCT showing complete elimination of S. epidermidis in all samples.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that OCT was comparable to or even more effective than CHX and NaOCl, demonstrating antimicrobial activity at low concentrations against S. epidermidis.

Keyword

Anti-bacterial agents; Chlorhexidine; Octenidine dihydrochloride; Sodium hypochlorite; Staphylococcus epidermidis

MeSH Terms

Agar
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bicuspid
Chlorhexidine
Dental Pulp Cavity*
Dentin
Diffusion
Disinfection
Humans
In Vitro Techniques*
Methods
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Sodium Hypochlorite
Staphylococcus epidermidis*
Staphylococcus*
Stem Cells
Agar
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Chlorhexidine
Sodium Hypochlorite