Korean J Vet Res.  2018 Mar;58(1):27-31. 10.14405/kjvr.2018.58.1.27.

Clinical evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test kit for detection of canine coronavirus

• Yoon SJ
• Seo KW
• Song KH

• KMID: 2437674
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.2018.58.1.27

Abstract

Canine coronavirus is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes enteritis in dogs of any age. Coronaviral enteritis is seldom definitively diagnosed, since it is usually much less severe than many other types of enteritis and is self-limiting. Conventional diagnostics for the canine coronaviral enteritis such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), virus isolation, and electron microscopic examination are inappropriate for small animal clinics due to the complicated experimental processes involved. Therefore, a commercially available lateral flow test kit based on chromatographic immunoassay techniques was tested to evaluate its performance as a first-line diagnostic test kit that could be used in clinics. The coronavirus antigen test kit detected canine coronavirus-infected dogs with 93.1% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity. The detection limit of the test kit was between 1.97 × 10⁴/mL and 9.85 × 10³/mL for samples with a 2-fold serial dilution from 1.25 × 10⁶ TCIDâ‚…â‚€ (TCIDâ‚…â‚€, 50% tissue culture infectious dose). Additionally, the test kit had no cross-reactivity with canine parvovirus, distemper virus, or Escherichia coli. Overall, the commercially available test kit showed good diagnostic performance in a clinical setting, with results similar to those from PCR, confirming their potential for convenient and accurate use in small animal clinics.

Keyword

antigen test kit; coronavirus; dogs; polymerase chain reaction

MeSH Terms

Animals
Coronavirus
Coronavirus, Canine*
Diagnostic Tests, Routine*
Distemper
Dogs
Enteritis
Escherichia coli
Immunoassay
Limit of Detection
Parvovirus, Canine
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic*
RNA Viruses
Sensitivity and Specificity
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic