J Bacteriol Virol.  2020 Jun;50(2):117-123. 10.4167/jbv.2020.50.2.117.

Evaluation of Commercial Immunochromatographic Test Kits for the Detection of Canine Distemper Virus

• Yang DK
• Kim HH
• Lee J
• Ji M
• Oh S
• Lee HS
• Hyun BH

• KMID: 2504387
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4167/jbv.2020.50.2.117

Abstract

The rapid diagnosis of canine distemper virus (CDV) helps to determine the treatment of dogs in veterinary clinics. We evaluated the performance of seven commercial rapid immunochromatographic test (RICT) kits for the detection of CDV. Six core dog viral pathogens (canine adenovirus type 1 and 2, canine coronavirus, canine parainfluenza virus, canine parvovirus, and rabies virus), five CDV strains (CD1901, Lederle, Rockborn, Onderstepoort, and Synder Hill), and three bacteria (Bordetella bronchiseptica, Leptospira canicola, and Staphylococus aureus) were used to determine the cross-reactivity and detection limits of the kits. The seven commercial RICT kits did not yield positive results with the six dog viruses or the three bacteria. All the RICT kits for CDV detected the Korean CDV isolate. The detection limits of the RICT kits for the Korean CDV isolate, CD1901, belonging to Asia 1 genotype ranged from 10^3.0 to 10^4.0 TCID₅₀/mL. There was an average difference of 1.1 in scores judged by eye between four CDV vaccine strains and CD1901 strain. Therefore, the RICT kits enable the detection of CDV vaccine strains, but need to be improved to detect CDV circulating in dog populations in Korea.

Keyword

Canine distemper virus; Chromatography; Diagnosis

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Alignment of amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin (H) protein among five canine distemper virus (CDV) strains (A) and phylogenetic tree based on the H gene of 29 CDV strains (B). CDV can be classified into six genotypes such as Asia 1 and 2, Europe 1, 2, and 3, and America 1. Three CDV vaccine strains belonging to America 1 are indicated by a dotted circle, but CD1901 strain to Asia 1 is indicated by box with a red line.

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