Korean J Pediatr.  2018 Oct;61(10):327-331. 10.3345/kjp.2018.06485.

Renal involvement in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease

• Jang HM
• Baek HS
• Kim JE
• Kim JY
• Lee YH
• Cho HY
• Choe YH
• Kang B
• Choe BH
• Choi BS
• Cho MH

• KMID: 2433699
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.06485

Abstract

PURPOSE
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly increasing, and several reports have described the renal complications of IBD. We sought to evaluate the clinical manifestations of renal complications in children with IBD in order to enable early detection and prompt treatment of the complications.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 456 children and adolescents aged < 20 years who had been diagnosed with IBD since 2000. We analyzed patient age, sex, medication use, IBD disease activity, and clinical manifestations of renal symptoms.
RESULTS
Our study comprising 456 children with IBD included 299 boys (65.6%) and 157 girls (34.4%). The study included 346 children with Crohn disease and 110 children with ulcerative colitis. The incidence of kidney-related symptoms was 14.7%, which was significantly higher than that in normal children. We observed 26 children (38.8%) with isolated hematuria, 30 children (44.8%) with isolated proteinuria, and 11 children (16.4%) with hematuria and concomitant proteinuria. A renal biopsy was performed in 7 children. Histopathological examination revealed immunoglobulin A nephropathy in 5 children (71.4%). All children presented with mild disease and well-controlled disease activity of IBD.
CONCLUSION
Children with IBD are more likely to show kidney-related symptoms than healthy children and adolescents are. Therefore, regular screening of urine and evaluation of renal function in such children are necessary for early detection of renal complications.

Keyword

Inflammatory bowel disease; Kidney; Complication; Child; Adolescent

MeSH Terms

Adolescent*
Biopsy
Child*
Colitis, Ulcerative
Crohn Disease
Female
Glomerulonephritis, IGA
Hematuria
Humans
Incidence
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases*
Kidney
Mass Screening
Medical Records
Proteinuria
Retrospective Studies