J Neurogastroenterol Motil.  2018 Apr;24(2):182-196. 10.5056/jnm18001.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Long-term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use

• Kinoshita
• Ishimura N
• Ishihara S

• KMID: 2413095
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5056/jnm18001

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) potently inhibit gastric acid secretion and are widely used for treatment of acid-related diseases including gastroesophageal reflux disease and secondary prevention of aspirin/NSAID-induced ulcers. Although clinically important adverse effects of PPIs can occur, just as with other drugs, those are not frequently observed during or after administration. Thus, PPIs are regarded as relatively safe and considered to be clinically beneficial. Recently, PPIs have become frequently administered to patients with functional gastrointestinal diseases or primary prevention of drug-related gastroduodenal damage, even though their beneficial effects for those conditions have not been fully confirmed. PPIs tend to be given for conditions in which the necessity of the drug has not been clarified, thus otherwise rare adverse effects are presented as clinically relevant. Although several PPI-related adverse effects have been reported, their clinical relevance is not yet clear, since the evidence reported in those studies is not at a high enough level, as the majority are based on retrospective observational studies and the reported hazard ratios are low. It is important to administer PPIs only for patients who will gain a substantial clinical benefit and to continue to investigate their adverse effects with high quality prospective studies.

Keyword

Adverse effect; Allergic disease; Gastric acid; Gastroesophageal reflux; Ulcer

MeSH Terms

Gastric Acid
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Humans
Primary Prevention
Prospective Studies
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Proton Pumps*
Protons*
Retrospective Studies
Secondary Prevention
Ulcer
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Proton Pumps
Protons