J Gynecol Oncol.  2018 May;29(3):e29. 10.3802/jgo.2018.29.e29.

Screening for Lynch syndrome using risk assessment criteria in patients with ovarian cancer

• Takeda T
• Tsuji K
• Banno K
• Yanokura M
• Kobayashi
• Tominaga E
• Aoki D

• KMID: 2409933
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2018.29.e29

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Lynch syndrome is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutation of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Lynch syndrome only causes about 0.4% of cases of ovarian cancer, which suggests that universal screening may not be cost-efficient. However, the frequency of Lynch syndrome in ovarian cancer is unclear in the Asian population. The goal of the study was to investigate a screening strategy using family history.
METHODS
The subjects were 129 patients with ovarian cancer. Clinical and family history were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) criteria 2007 and PREMM5 were used for risk assessment. Microsatellite instability, immunohistochemistry, and methylation of MMR genes were analyzed.
RESULTS
Of the 129 cases, 25 (19.4%) met the SGO criteria, and 4 of these 25 had MSI-high and MMR deficiency. Two cases had loss of MSH2 and MSH6, indicating MSH2 mutation, and the other two had loss of MLH1 and PMS2, including one without MLH1 methylation indicating MLH1 mutation. These results show that screening using family history can detect Lynch syndrome in 12.0% (3/25) of ovarian cancer cases. The 3 cases were positive for PREMM5, but negative for Amsterdam II criteria and revised Bethesda guidelines. Genetic testing in one case with MSH2 and MSH6 deficiency confirmed the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome with MSH2 mutation.
CONCLUSION
This is the first study of screening for Lynch syndrome in ovarian cancer using clinical and family history in an Asian population. This approach may be effective for diagnosis in these patients.

Keyword

Ovarian Neoplasms; Lynch Syndrome; Medical History Taking; Mismatch Repair; Society of Gynecologic Oncology; Risk Assessments

MeSH Terms

Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis*
Diagnosis
DNA Mismatch Repair
Genetic Testing
Germ-Line Mutation
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Mass Screening*
Medical History Taking
Methylation
Microsatellite Instability
Ovarian Neoplasms*
Risk Assessment*