J Korean Acad Nurs Adm.  2017 Dec;23(5):483-493. 10.11111/jkana.2017.23.5.483.

Impact of Superior's Ethical Leadership as Perceived by Nurses on Nursing Performance: Mediating Effect of Faith in Supervisor

• Kim M
• Seo HE
• Doo EY
• Ju WJ

• KMID: 2408110
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.5.483

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to elucidate nursing performance to superior's ethical leadership as perceived by nurses and the mediating effect of faith in supervisor.
METHODS
For this study a descriptive survey design was used. Participants were 258 nurses who worked in general hospital and completed the self-report questionnaire. Data were collected from May 17 to May 31, 2017 and were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, and Path analysis with SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 21.0.
RESULTS
Superior's ethical leadership as perceived by the nurses and faith in the supervisor were significant variables predicting the level of nursing performance and accounted for 48.1% of the variance. Faith in the supervisor as a mediator was found to have a partial mediating effect.
CONCLUSION
In order to improve the nurses' performance, it is important to establish a work environment so that hospital nurses can perform their work with faith in their supervisors, as well as having superiors who are ethical leaders.

Keyword

Nurses; Ethical leadership; Faith in supervisor; Nursing performance; Head nurses

MeSH Terms

Hospitals, General
Leadership*
Negotiating*
Nursing*
Nursing, Supervisory

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Revised model for study of superior's ethical leadership, faith in supervisor and nursing performance of hospital nurses.

Reference

1. Ogunfowora B. It's all a matter of consensus: Leader role modeling strength as a moderator of the links between ethical leadership and employee outcomes. Hum Relat. 2014; 67(12):1467–1490. DOI: 10.1177/0018726714521646.

2. Robbins B, Davidhizar R. Transformational leadership in health care today. Health Care Manag (Frederick). 2007; 26(3):234–239. DOI: 10.1097/01.HCM.0000285014.26397.e7.

3. Storch J, Makaroff KS, Pauly B, Newton L. Take me to my leader: The importance of ethical leadership among formal nurse leaders. Nurs Ethics. 2013; 20(2):150–157. DOI: 10.1177/0969733012474291.

4. Makaroff KS, Storch J, Pauly B, Newton L. Searching for ethical leadership in nursing. Nurs Ethics. 2014; 21(6):642–658. DOI: 10.1177/0969733013513213.

5. Brown ME, Treviño LK, Harrison DA. Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proces. 2005; 97(2):117–134. DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002.

6. Brown ME. Misconceptions of ethical leadership: How to avoid potential pitfalls. Organ Dyn. 2007; 36(2):140–155. DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2007.03.003.

7. Kim JE, Park EJ. A validation study of the modified Korean version of ethical leadership at work Questionnaire (K-ELW). J Korean Acad Nurs. 2015; 45(2):240–250. DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.240.

8. Lee JS. Nurse managers' ethical leadership type of organizational culture and organizational performance [master's thesis]. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;2009.

9. Jung M. Influence of head nurses' ethical leadership on job satisfaction among staff nurses: Mediating effect of affective commitment. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2016; 22(5):553–561. DOI: 10.11111/jkana.2016.22.5.553.

10. Park MO, Park J, Ryu SY, Kang MG, Kim KS, Min S, et al. The influence of health promotion life style, perception of head nurse's leadership and job satisfaction on the work performance among nurses of some veterans hospitals. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2009; 15(1):45–53.

11. Kim YS, Eo YS. The effect of core competencies and cognition of job competency of their senior nurses on work performance in hospital nurses. J Korean Acad Soc Nurs Educ. 2013; 19(4):617–626. DOI: 10.5977/jkasne.2013.19.4.617.

12. House RJ. A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness. Adm Sci Q. 1971; 16(3):321–339. DOI: 10.2307/2391905.

13. Nicholson RM, Leiter MP, Laschinger HKS. Predicting cynicism as a function of trust and civility: A longitudinal analysis. J Nurs Manag. 2014; 22:974–983. DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12073.

14. Kim DW, Park CM. The mediating role of trust on the relationship between justice and performance in organization. Korean J Local Gov Stud. 2012; 16(1):47–66.

15. Wu CC, Chang YJ, Chen TF. Relationship between nurse perceptions of head nurse trustworthiness and nurse trust behaviors. J Nurs Healthc Res. 2010; 6(4):243–252.

16. Kim SE. The study on the relationships between team leader's emotional intelligence and subordinate's organizational attitude, behavior focused on examining the mediated effect of leader trust. Manag Inf Syst Rev. 2012; 31(2):199–230.

17. Kalshoven K, Den Hartog DN, De Hoogh AHB. Ethical leadership at work questionnaire (ELW): Development and validation of a multidimensional measure. Leadersh Q. 2011; 22(1):51–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.12.007.

18. Cook J, Wall T. New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfilment. J Occup Psychol. 1980; 53(1):39–52. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8325.1980.tb00005.x.

19. Lee H. Related factor of organizational effectiveness in hospital: Self-efficacy, faith in supervisor [dissertation]. Seoul: Yonsei University;2003.

20. Ko YK, Lee TW, Lim JY. Development of a performance measurement scale for hospital nurses. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2007; 37(3):286–294. DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2007.37.3.286.

21. Lehmann DR, Hulbert J. “Are three-point scales always good enough?”. J Mark Res. 1972; 9(4):444–446. DOI: 10.2307/3149313.

22. Shin JH, Jeong SH, Lee MH, Yang Y. Experiences of ethical issues and needs for ethics education in clinical nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2015; 21(3):327–339. DOI: 10.11111/jkana.2015.21.3.327.

23. Ellis P. Leadership skills: The ethically active manager. Wounds UK. 2016; 12(1):58–60.

24. Rouse RA, Al-Maqbali M. Identifying nurse managers' essential communication skills: An analysis for nurses' perceptions in Oman. J Nurs Manag. 2014; 22(2):192–200. DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12222.

25. Zhou H, Jin M, Ma Q. Remedy for work stress: The impact and mechanism of ethical leadership. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2015; 23(2):176–180. DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4246.

26. Lee SY. The relationships of superior's leadership to supervisory trust and organizational commitment of nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2007; 13(2):208–218.

27. Shin JH, Seo MH, Lee MI. Nursing jobs and gender in our age of convergence: Research on male nurses. J Digit Converg. 2016; 14(3):287–297. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2016.14.3.287.

28. Cho YM, Choi MS. Effect of clinical nurses's basic psychological need, self-leadership and job stress on nursing performance. J Digit Converg. 2016; 14(8):343–353. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2016.14.8.343.

29. Lee SI, Lee EJ. Effect of nursing work environment, emotional labor and ego-resilience on nursing performance of clinical nurses. J Korea Soc Wellness. 2016; 11(4):267–276. DOI: 10.21097/ksw.2016.11.11.4.267.