J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol.  2017 Dec;15(2):107-115. 10.22537/jksct.2017.15.2.107.

In vitro Protective Effects of Glehnia Littoralis on Alpha-amanitin Induced Hepatotoxicity

• Kim BH
• Sun KH
• Kim SP
• Park Y

• KMID: 2402615
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.22537/jksct.2017.15.2.107

Abstract

PURPOSE
Glehnia littoralis has been used to treat ischemic stroke, phlegm, cough, systemic paralysis, antipyretics and neuralgia. The pharmacological mechanisms of Glehnia littoralis include calcium channel block, coumarin derivatives, anticoagulation, anti-convulsive effect, as well as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Alpha-amanitin (α-amanitin) is a major toxin from extremely poisonous Amanita fungi. Oxidative stress, which may contribute to severe hepatotoxicity was induced by α-amanitin. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Glehnia littoralis ethyl acetate extract (GLEA) has the protective antioxidant effects on α-amanitin -induced hepatotoxicity.
METHODS
Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells were pretreated in the presence or absence of GLEA (50, 100 and 200µg/ml) for 4 hours, then exposed to 60µmol/L of α-amanitin for an additional 4 hours. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT method. AST, ALT, and LDH production in a culture medium and intracellular MDA, GSH, and SOD levels were determined.
RESULTS
GLEA (50, 100 and 200µg/ml) significantly increased the relative cell viability by 7.11, 9.87, and 14.39%, respectively, and reduced the level of ALT by 10.39%, 34.27%, and 52.14%, AST by 9.89%, 15.16%, and 32.84%, as well as LDH by 15.86%, 22.98%, and 24.32% in culture medium, respectively. GLEA could also remarkably decrease the level of MDA and increase the content of GSH and SOD in the HepG2 cells.
CONCLUSION
In the in vitro model, Glehnia littoralis was effective in limiting hepatic injury after α-amanitin poisoning. Its antioxidant effect is attenuated by antidotal therapy.

Keyword

Alpha-amanitin; Antioxidant; Glehnia littoralis

MeSH Terms

Alpha-Amanitin*
Amanita
Antioxidants
Antipyretics
Apiaceae*
Calcium Channels
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Cell Line
Cell Survival
Cough
Coumarins
Fungi
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
In Vitro Techniques*
Methods
Neuralgia
Oxidative Stress
Paralysis
Poisoning
Stroke
Alpha-Amanitin
Antioxidants
Antipyretics
Calcium Channels
Coumarins