Korean J Pain.  2018 Jan;31(1):39-42. 10.3344/kjp.2018.31.1.39.

Double blind randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of ketoprofen patch to attenuate pain during venous cannulation

• Kumar S
• Sanjeev O
• Agarwal A
• Shamshery
• Gupta R

• KMID: 2400906
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2018.31.1.39

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Venipuncture pain is an uncomfortable suffering to the patient. It creates anxiety, fear and dissatisfaction. The ketoprofen transdermal patch is a proven treatment for musculoskeletal and arthritic pain. We planned this study to evaluate the efficacy of the ketoprofen patch to reduce venipuncture pain.
METHODS
Two hundred adult patients, aged 18-60 years, of either sex, ASA grade I or II, were enrolled. Presuming that therapy would decrease venipuncture pain by 30%, a power calculation with α = 0.05 and β = 0.80 required enrollment of at least 24 patients into each group. However, 100 patients in each group were recruited. Group I (Control) received a placebo patch; Group II (Ketoprofen) received a 20 mg ketoprofen patch. A selected vein on the dorsum of the patient's non-dominant hand was cannulated with 18 g intravenous cannula 1 h after the application of the respective patch. Assessment of pain was done by a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0-10, where 0 depicts "no pain" and 10 is "the worst imaginable pain". The venipuncture site was assessed for the presence of skin erythema, swelling and rashes at 12 h, 24 h and at the time of decannulation.
RESULTS
Incidence of pain was 100% (94/94) in the control group as compared to 93% (85/91) in the ketoprofen group. The severity of the venipuncture pain was 6 (2) and 2 (2) for control and ketoprofen groups respectively (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Application of a ketoprofen patch at the proposed site of venipuncture one hour before the attempt is effective and safe for attenuating venipuncture pain.

Keyword

Erythema; Ketoprofen; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Pain; Venipuncture; Visual analog scale

MeSH Terms

Adult
Anxiety
Catheterization*
Catheters
Erythema
Exanthema
Hand
Humans
Incidence
Ketoprofen*
Phlebotomy
Skin
Transdermal Patch
Veins
Visual Analog Scale
Ketoprofen

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Two hundred patients were eligible for the study. After randomization all of them were posted for the study. 185 patients (87%) completed the study. Only fifteen (7.5%) were excluded from the study. Out of them, 9 patients belonging to ketoprofen group and 6 patients of control group could not be cannulated in first attempt. Total 185 patients were analyzed from statistical point of view.

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