Yeungnam Univ J Med.  2017 Dec;34(2):149-160. 10.12701/yujm.2017.34.2.149.

Role of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and TGF-β1 signaling pathway on the pathophysiology of respiratory pneumococcal infections

• Andrade MJ
• Lim JH

• KMID: 2400349
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.2.149

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcus, is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is an important infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality, and it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Many genetic factors of the host and various environmental factors surrounding it have been studied as important determinants of the pathophysiology and outcomes of pneumococcal infections. Various cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, are involved in different stages of the progression of pneumococcal infection. TGF-β1 is a cytokine that regulates a wide range of cellular and physiological functions, including immune and inflammatory responses. This cytokine has long been known as an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is critical to preventing the progression of an acute infection to a chronic condition. On the other hand, recent studies have unveiled the diverse roles of TGF-β1 on different stages of pneumococcal infections other than mitigating inflammation. This review summarizes the recent findings of the role of TGF-β1 on the pathophysiology of pneumococcal infections, which is fundamental to developing novel therapeutic strategies for such infections in immune-compromised patients.

Keyword

TGF-beta1; Pneumococcus; Inflammation; Fibrosis

MeSH Terms

Cause of Death
Communicable Diseases
Cytokines
Fibrosis
Hand
Humans
Inflammation
Mortality
Pneumococcal Infections*
Pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Transforming Growth Factor beta1
Transforming Growth Factors*
Cytokines
Transforming Growth Factor beta1
Transforming Growth Factors