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Current Diagnosis and Management of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Leone PM, Richeldi L

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) one of the most common interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is characterized by exposure to an inhaled inciting antigen that leads to a host immunologic reaction determining interstitial...
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Recent Advances in Molecular Basis of Lung Aging and Its Associated Diseases

Kang MJ

Aging is often viewed as a progressive decline in fitness due to cumulative deleterious alterations of biological functions in the living system. Recently, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying...
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Two Cases of Aquagenic Wrinkling of the Palms in Korean Healthy Women: Easily Overlooked Disease

Choi H, Bae IH, Kim MS, Na CH, Shin BS

Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms (AWP) is a rare condition, which is characterized by appearance of whitish papules and plaques and an excessive wrinkling and swelling of the palmar skin...
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Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease: focusing on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Kang HR, Choi SM

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a rare condition characterized by extensive inflammation and fibrosis mainly involving the pulmonary interstitium or alveoli. Usually, patients with ILD clinically present with chronic cough...
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Associations of Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin, Anemia, and Renal Scarring in Children with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections

Lee JH, Yim HE, Yoo KH

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a bacteriostatic agent, is known to inhibit erythropoiesis leading to anemia. We aimed to investigate the associations of NGAL, anemia, and renal scarring in children...
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Visceral-to-Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat Ratio Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis

Jung CH, Rhee EJ, Kwon H, Chang Y, Ryu S, Lee WY

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the association of visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced fibrosis degree based on noninvasive serum fibrosis markers in the general population...
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Liver Involvement in Children with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: A Multicenter Study

Cakir M, Sag E, Islek A, Baran M, Tumgor G, Aydogdu S

PURPOSE: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) in one of the most common genetic causes of liver disease in children. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with...
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The Clinical Efficacy of Pulmonary Hypertension-Specific Agents in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

Lee J, Song JU

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is associated with poor outcomes. This study was performed to determine the clinical efficacy of PH-specific...
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Comparison of Three Magnetization Transfer Ratio Parameters for Assessment of Intestinal Fibrosis in Patients with Crohn's Disease

Meng J, Huang S, Sun C, Zhang ZW, Mao R, Yang YH, Feng ST, Li ZP, Li X

OBJECTIVE: To establish a novel standardized magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) parameter which considers the element of the normal bowel wall and to compare the efficacy of the MTR, normalized MTR,...
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Refractory Hepatic Hydrothorax in Chronic Hepatitis C Controlled by Direct-acting Antivirals

Kim MH, Kim DK, Eun HS, Rou WS, Kim SH, Lee BS

Hepatic hydrothorax is a transudative pleural effusion that complicates advanced liver cirrhosis. Patients refractory to medical treatment plus salt restriction and diuretics are considered to have refractory hepatic hydrothorax and...
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Dietary nobiletin suppresses TGF-β1-Src-caveolin-1 dependent signaling involved with high glucose-induced renal mesangial matrix accumulation

Kim DY, Kang YH, Kang MK

PURPOSE: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important diabetic complications prompted by chronic hyperglycemia, characterized by glomerulosclerosis, tubular fibrosis, and it eventually causes kidney failure. Nobiletin is a polymethoxyflavone...
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Review of a novel disease entity, immunoglobulin G4-related disease

Maehara T, Moriyama M, Nakamura S

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related dacryoadenitis and sialoadenitis (IgG4-DS) are part of a multiorgan fibroinflammatory condition of unknown etiology termed IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which has been recognized as a single diagnostic entity...
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Evogliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Attenuates Renal Fibrosis Caused by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Mice

Kim MJ, Kim NY, Jung YA, Lee S, Jung GS, Kim JG, Lee IK, Lee S, Choi YK, Park KG

Renal fibrosis is considered to be the final common outcome of chronic kidney disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have demonstrated protective effects against diabetic kidney disease. However, the anti-fibrotic effect...
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Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Renal Fibrosis by Negatively Regulating TGF-β-p53-Smad2/3-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of AKT

Lin S, Yu L, Ni Y, He L, Weng X, Lu X, Zhang C

BACKGROUND: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is required for renal fibrosis, which is a characteristic of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our previous study demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) prevented DN associated...
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NOTCH1 Pathway is Involved in Polyhexamethylene Guanidine-Induced Humidifier Disinfectant Lung Injuries

Lee E, Kang MJ, Kim JH, Lee SH, Lee SY, Cho HJ, Yoon J, Jung S, Park Y, Oh DK, Hong SB, Hong SJ

An outbreak of fatal humidifier disinfectant lung injuries (HDLI) occurred in Korea. Human studies on mechanisms underlying HDLI have yet to be conducted. This study aimed to investigate methylation changes...
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Culture-Positive Spontaneous Ascitic Infection in Patients with Acute Decompensated Cirrhosis: Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens and Antibiotic Strategies

Liu J, Gao Y, Wang X, Qian Z, Chen J, Huang Y, Meng Z, Lu X, Deng G, Liu F, Zhang Z, Li H, Zheng X

PURPOSE: This study investigated multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and antibiotic strategies of culture-positive spontaneous ascitic infection (SAI) in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 432 acute decompensated...
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Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis in a Patient with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Autoimmune Hepatitis Overlap Syndrome: A Case Report

Han HS, Ahn GR, Kim HJ, Park KY, Li K, Seo SJ

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic systemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by vasculopathy, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, and fibrosis of the skin and other internal organs. Although its...
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Focal Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Associated with Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis: A Case Report

Cho SM, Kim HK, Lee HK, Lee B, Kim KH, Lee KE, Shim JC, Hwang DH, Lee GJ

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare inflammatory reaction, characterized by lipid-laden macrophages, known as xanthomas, in histopathologic examination. Aggressive xanthogranulomatous inflammation often manifests as local infiltration but does not affect distant...
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Cystic fibrosis lung disease: Current perspectives

Jung JA

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). These mutations alter the synthesis, processing, function, or...
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Pharmacological treatment of pulmonary fibrosis

Choi WI

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition that has been described as alveolar collapse and thickening, which correlate with dysregulated surfactant production and injury to type 2 alveolar cells. As...
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