Tissue Eng Regen Med.  2016 Aug;13(4):343-351. 10.1007/s13770-016-0053-7.

Growth Behavior of Endothelial Cells According to Electrospun poly(D,L-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Fiber Diameter as a Tissue Engineering Scaffold

• Ko YG
• Park JH
• Lee JB
• Oh HH
• Park WH
• Cho D
• Kwon OH

• KMID: 2382934
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-016-0053-7

Abstract

Investigating the effect of electrospun fiber diameter on endothelial cell proliferation provides an important guidance for the design of a fabric scaffold. In this study, we prepared biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) fibrous nonwoven mats with different fiber diameters ranged from 200 nm to 5 µm using the electrospinning technique. To control the fiber diameters of PLGA mats, 4 mixture solvents [hexafluoro-2-propanol, 2,2,2,-trifluoroethanol:dimethylformamide (9:1), 2,2,2,-trifluoroethanol:hexafluoro-2-propanol (9:1), chloroform] were used. Average diameters were 200 nm, 600 nm, 1.5 µm, and 5.0 µm, respectively. Stereoscopic structure and spatial characterization of fibrous PLGA mats were analyzed using atomic force microscopy and a porosimeter. The mechanical properties of PLGA mats were analyzed using a universal testing machine. The spreading behavior and infiltration of endothelial cells on PLGA mats were visualized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cell proliferation on different PLGA fibers with different diameters was quantified using the MTT assay. Cells on 200 nm diameter PLGA mats showed rapid attachment and spreading. However, the cells did not penetrate the PLGA mat. Cells cultured on 600 nm and 1.5 µm diameter fibers could infiltrate the pores and cell proliferation was dramatically increased after 14 days. Secreted prostacyclin from endothelial cells on each mat was measured to examine the ability to inhibit platelet activation. This basic study on cell proliferation and fiber diameter with physical characterization provides a foundation for studies examining nonwoven fibrous PLGA mats as a tissue engineering scaffold.

Keyword

Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid); Nanofiber; Electrospinning; Diameter; Scaffold

MeSH Terms

Cell Proliferation
Endothelial Cells*
Eosine Yellowish-(YS)
Epoprostenol
Hematoxylin
Microscopy, Atomic Force
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Nanofibers
Platelet Activation
Solvents
Tissue Engineering*
Eosine Yellowish-(YS)
Epoprostenol
Hematoxylin
Solvents