J Adv Prosthodont.  2016 Dec;8(6):417-422. 10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.417.

The effects of different polishing techniques on the staining resistance of CAD/CAM resin-ceramics

• Sagsoz O
• Demirci T
• Demirci G
• Sagsoz NP
• Yildiz M

• KMID: 2382586
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.417

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the staining resistance of CAD/CAM resin-ceramics polished with different techniques and to determine the effectiveness of the polishing techniques on resin-ceramics, comparing it with that of a glazed glass-ceramic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four different CAD/CAM ceramics (feldspathic ceramic: C-CEREC Blocs, (SIRONA) and three resin-ceramics: L-Lava Ultimate, (3M ESPE), E-Enamic, (VITA) and CS-CeraSmart, (GC)) and one light cure composite resin: ME-Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (Kuraray) were used. Only C samples were glazed (gl). Other restorations were divided into four groups according to the polishing technique: nonpolished control group (c), a group polished with light cure liquid polish (Biscover LV BISCO) (bb), a group polished with ceramic polishing kit (Diapol, EVE) (cd), and a group polished with composite polishing kit (Clearfil Twist Dia, Kuraray) (kc). Glazed C samples and the polished samples were further divided into four subgroups and immersed into different solutions: distilled water, tea, coffee, and fermented black carrot juice. Eight samples (8 × 8 × 1 mm) were prepared for each subgroup. According to CIELab system, four color measurements were made: before immersion, immersion after 1 day, after 1 week, and after 1 month. Data were analyzed with repeated measures of ANOVA (α=.05).
RESULTS
The highest staining resistance was found in gl samples. There was no difference among gl, kc and cd (P>.05). Staining resistance of gl was significantly higher than that of bb (P<.05). Staining resistances of E and CS were significantly higher than those of L and ME (P<.05).
CONCLUSION
Ceramic and composite polishing kits can be used for resin ceramics as a counterpart of glazing procedure used for full ceramic materials. Liquid polish has limited indications for resin ceramics.

Keyword

CAD/CAM; Polishing techniques; Resin-ceramics; Staining resistance

MeSH Terms

Ceramics
Coffee
Daucus carota
Immersion
Tea
Water
Coffee
Tea
Water

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Color change graph 1 month after the immersion.

Reference

1. Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The use of CAD/CAM in dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011; 55:559–570.

2. El Zohairy AA, De Gee AJ, Mohsen MM, Feilzer AJ. Microtensile bond strength testing of luting cements to prefabricated CAD/CAM ceramic and composite blocks. Dent Mater. 2003; 19:575–583.

3. Oh SH, Kim SG. Effect of abutment shade, ceramic thickness, and coping type on the final shade of zirconia all-ceramic restorations: in vitro study of color masking ability. J Adv Prosthodont. 2015; 7:368–374.

4. Lee WS, Kim SY, Kim JH, Kim WC, Kim HY. The effect of powder A2/powder A3 mixing ratio on color and translucency parameters of dental porcelain. J Adv Prosthodont. 2015; 7:400–405.

5. Attia A, Kern M. Influence of cyclic loading and luting agents on the fracture load of two all-ceramic crown systems. J Prosthet Dent. 2004; 92:551–556.

6. Dalpino PH, Francischone CE, Ishikiriama A, Franco EB. Fracture resistance of teeth directly and indirectly restored with composite resin and indirectly restored with ceramic materials. Am J Dent. 2002; 15:389–394.

7. El-Damanhoury HM, Haj-Ali RN, Platt JA. Fracture resistance and microleakage of endocrowns utilizing three CADCAM blocks. Oper Dent. 2015; 40:201–210.

8. Acar O, Yilmaz B, Altintas SH, Chandrasekaran I, Johnston WM. Color stainability of CAD/CAM and nanocomposite resin materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2016; 115:71–75.

9. Dietschi D, Campanile G, Holz J, Meyer JM. Comparison of the color stability of ten new-generation composites: an in vitro study. Dent Mater. 1994; 10:353–362.

10. Imirzalioglu P, Karacaer O, Yilmaz B, Ozmen Msc I. Color stability of denture acrylic resins and a soft lining material against tea, coffee, and nicotine. J Prosthodont. 2010; 19:118–124.

11. Preis V, Grumser K, Schneider-Feyrer S, Behr M, Rosentritt M. The effectiveness of polishing kits: influence on surface roughness of zirconia. Int J Prosthodont. 2015; 28:149–151.

12. Steiner R, Beier US, Heiss-Kisielewsky I, Engelmeier R, Dumfahrt H, Dhima M. Adjusting dental ceramics: An in vitro evaluation of the ability of various ceramic polishing kits to mimic glazed dental ceramic surface. J Prosthet Dent. 2015; 113:616–622.

13. Sarikaya I, Güler AU. Effects of different polishing techniques on the surface roughness of dental porcelains. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010; 18:10–16.

14. Motro PF, Kursoglu P, Kazazoglu E. Effects of different surface treatments on stainability of ceramics. J Prosthet Dent. 2012; 108:231–237.

15. Fasbinder DJ, Neiva GF. Surface evaluation of polishing techniques for new resilient CAD/CAM restorative materials. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016; 28:56–66.

16. Raimondo RL Jr, Richardson JT, Wiedner B. Polished versus autoglazed dental porcelain. J Prosthet Dent. 1990; 64:553–557.

17. Fuzzi M, Zaccheroni Z, Vallania G. Scanning electron microscopy and profilometer evaluation of glazed and polished dental porcelain. Int J Prosthodont. 1996; 9:452–458.

18. Yilmaz C, Korkmaz T, Demirköprülü H, Ergün G, Ozkan Y. Color stability of glazed and polished dental porcelains. J Prosthodont. 2008; 17:20–24.

19. Esquivel JF, Chai J, Wozniak WT. Color stability of low-fusing porcelains for titanium. Int J Prosthodont. 1995; 8:479–485.

20. Lawson NC, Burgess JO. Gloss and stain resistance of ceramic-polymer CAD/CAM restorative blocks. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016; 28:S40–S45.

21. Acar O, Yilmaz B, Altintas SH, Chandrasekaran I, Johnston WM. Color stainability of CAD/CAM and nanocomposite resin materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2016; 115:71–75.

22. Stawarczyk B, Liebermann A, Eichberger M, Güth JF. Evaluation of mechanical and optical behavior of current esthetic dental restorative CAD/CAM composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2015; 55:1–11.

23. Stawarczyk B, Sener B, Trottmann A, Roos M, Ozcan M, Hämmerle CH. Discoloration of manually fabricated resins and industrially fabricated CAD/CAM blocks versus glass-ceramic: effect of storage media, duration, and subsequent polishing. Dent Mater J. 2012; 31:377–383.

24. Robinson FG, Haywood VB, Myers M. Effect of 10 percent carbamide peroxide on color of provisional restoration materials. J Am Dent Assoc. 1997; 128:727–731.

25. Patel SB, Gordan VV, Barrett AA, Shen C. The effect of surface finishing and storage solutions on the color stability of resin-based composites. J Am Dent Assoc. 2004; 135:587–594.

26. Gajewski VE, Pfeifer CS, Fróes-Salgado NR, Boaro LC, Braga RR. Monomers used in resin composites: degree of conversion, mechanical properties and water sorption/solubility. Braz Dent J. 2012; 23:508–514.

27. Khokhar ZA, Razzoog ME, Yaman P. Color stability of restorative resins. Quintessence Int. 1991; 22:733–737.

28. Gawriołek M, Sikorska E, Ferreira LF, Costa AI, Khmelinskii I, Krawczyk A, Sikorski M, Koczorowski PR. Color and luminescence stability of selected dental materials in vitro. J Prosthodont. 2012; 21:112–122.